Concentrated Ambient Air Particles Induce Vasoconstriction of Small Pulmonary Arteries in Rats

Batalha, Joao R. F.

doi:10.1289/ehp.5484

Cited by 39 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…PM and O 3 exposure induced arterial vasoconstriction in healthy adults as measured by brachial artery diameter, 280 and various measures of PM were associated with impaired vascular reactivity and endothelial function in diabetic subjects. 284 PM exposure has also been associated with increased blood pressure in cardiac rehabilitation patients 281 and in adults with lung disease, 279 increased vasoconstriction in the pulmonary vessels of rats, 400 increased circulating levels of the vasoactive peptide endothelin in rats, 401 and elevated levels of endothelin in animals for 2 hr to up to 2 days after urban PM pollution. 402 Brook et al 250 argue that arterial vasoconstriction is a likely explanation for the PM and exercise induced ischemia (as measured by ST-Segment depression in Pekkanen et al 275 ) and enhanced cardiac ischemia in dogs exposed to concentrated PM air pollution.…”

Section: Vasculature Alterationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Effects of Fine Particulate Air Pollution: Lines that Connect

Pope

Dockery²

2006

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

5,661

3,159

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Efforts to understand and mitigate the health effects of particulate matter (PM) air pollution have a rich and interesting history. This review focuses on six substantial lines of research that have been pursued since 1997 that have helped elucidate our understanding about the effects of PM on human health. There has been substantial progress in the evaluation of PM health effects at different time-scales of exposure and in the exploration of the shape of the concentration-response function. There has also been emerging evidence of PM-related cardiovascular health effects and growing knowledge regarding interconnected general pathophysiological pathways that link PM exposure with cardiopulmonary morbidity and mortality. Despite important gaps in scientific knowledge and continued reasons for some skepticism, a comprehensive evaluation of the research findings provides persuasive evidence that exposure to fine particulate air pollution has adverse effects on cardiopulmonary health. Although much of this research has been motivated by environmental public health policy, these results have important scientific, medical, and public health implications that are broader than debates over legally mandated air quality standards.

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Section: Vasculature Alterationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Effects of Fine Particulate Air Pollution: Lines that Connect

Pope

Dockery²

2006

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

5,661

3,159

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The L/W ratio was obtained as the ratio of the vascular lumen areas to the area of the vascular wall in 10 vessels per animal. A decrease in the L/W ratio was considered to be evidence for vasoconstriction (23).…”

Section: Immunoexpression Quantificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of pneumonectomy on nitric oxide synthase expression and perivascular edema in the remaining lung of rats

Samano

Pazetti

Prado

et al. 2009

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Pneumonectomy is associated with high mortality and high rates of complications. Postpneumonectomy pulmonary edema is one of the leading causes of mortality. Little is known about its etiologic factors and its association with the inflammatory process. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the role of pneumonectomy as a cause of pulmonary edema and its association with gas exchange, inflammation, nitric oxide synthase (NOS) expression and vasoconstriction. Forty-two non-specific pathogen-free Wistar rats were included in the study. Eleven animals died during or after the procedure, 21 were submitted to left pneumonectomy and 10 to sham operation. These animals were sacrificed after 48 or 72 h. Perivascular pulmonary edema was more intense in pneumonectomized rats at 72 h (P = 0.0131). Neutrophil density was lower after pneumonectomy in both groups (P = 0.0168). There was higher immunohistochemical expression of eNOS in the pneumonectomy group (P = 0.0208), but no statistically significant difference in the expression of iNOS. The lumen-wall ratio and pO2/FiO2 ratio did not differ between the operated and sham groups after pneumonectomy. Left pneumonectomy caused perivascular pulmonary edema with no elevation of immunohistochemical expression of iNOS or neutrophil density, suggesting the absence of correlation with the inflammatory process or oxidative stress. The increased expression of eNOS may suggest an intrinsic production of NO without signs of vascular reactivity

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“…In normal rats, short-term exposures with a median concentration of 182.75 g/m 3 and range of 73.5-733 g/m 3 was enough to induce vasoconstriction, with pulmonary lumen wall ratio decreasing from 2.41 in the sham-exposed animals to 1.63 in the CAP-exposed animals. 4 Lung inflammation as measured by differential cell count in BAL (with variable increases in percentages of 5-10%, in both neutrophils and lymphocytes) was also induced in both normal and chronic bronchitic rats at these exposure levels. 5 Mean CAP mass associated with significant changes in hematologic parameters in dogs was 203.4 g/m 3 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Points overlying the lumen and wall were counted using an unbiased counting procedure as previously described. 4,19 …”

Section: Histopathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Does the Harvard/U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Ambient Particle Concentrator Change the Toxic Potential of Particles?

Savage

Lawrence

Katz

et al. 2003

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Concentrated Ambient Air Particles Induce Vasoconstriction of Small Pulmonary Arteries in Rats

Cited by 39 publications

References 41 publications

Health Effects of Fine Particulate Air Pollution: Lines that Connect

Health Effects of Fine Particulate Air Pollution: Lines that Connect

Effects of pneumonectomy on nitric oxide synthase expression and perivascular edema in the remaining lung of rats

Does the Harvard/U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Ambient Particle Concentrator Change the Toxic Potential of Particles?

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