Concentration-dependent /sup 4/I/sub 13/2/ lifetimes in Er/sup 3+/-doped fibers and Er/sup 3+/-doped planar waveguides

Nykolak, G.; Becker, P. C.; Shmulovich, J.; Wong, Y. H.; DiGiovanni, D. J.; Bruce, A.J.

doi:10.1109/68.257176

Cited by 78 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The lifetime of the metastable level, however, can be estimated from Fig. 6 to be on the order of 6.5 ms for TH1 and 8 ms for the TH4 composition, which is comparable to other values reported in the literature for silicate hosts [6], [15], [30]- [33]. It should be noted that the results of the lifetime measurements have a dependence on the signal-to-noise ratio in the detector, which is a fact that reduces their accuracy significantly.…”

Section: Single Composition Amplifierssupporting

confidence: 86%

Multilayered Waveguides for Increasing the Gain Bandwidth of Integrated Amplifiers

Laliotis

Yeatman

2007

J. Lightwave Technol.

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Abstract-In this paper, we propose and demonstrate the use of multilayered (laminated) waveguides for increasing the available gain spectrum of sol-gel amplifiers. Experimental investigations of the effects of phosphorus codoping on the amplifier spectral characteristics and fluorescence decay are also presented. We demonstrate that the shape of the erbium emission cross section, for aluminophosphosilicate amplifiers, has a minor dependence on the amount of phosphorus doping and that spectral benefits are only achieved for aluminosilicate amplifiers, albeit with low levels of erbium inversion. Laminated amplifiers, consisting of alternating layers of two compositions, are shown to display novel spectral characteristics that cannot be obtained by the use of single composition cores. Internal gain, which is demonstrated for this device, also suggests that erbium inversion can be maintained at relatively high levels. Experimental results are supported by numerical analysis, and a 20-nm bandwidth increase is observed for laminated amplifiers, with gain levels up to 1.4 dB/cm indicated, when processing conditions are optimized.

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Section: Single Composition Amplifierssupporting

confidence: 86%

Multilayered Waveguides for Increasing the Gain Bandwidth of Integrated Amplifiers

Laliotis

Yeatman

2007

J. Lightwave Technol.

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“…%͒ in the core and using a pump wavelength of 1.475 m. Note that concentration quenching effects such as cooperative upconversion need to be taken into account for a realistic prediction of the optical gain. 12,13 The effect of upconversion in Er-doped planar waveguides has been presented in another study. 5 Recent measurements on Er-implanted Al 2 O 3 waveguides with a lower Er concentration ͑ϳ0.2 at.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absorption and emission cross sections of Er^3+ in Al_2O_3 waveguides

et al. 1997

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Hoven, van den, G.N.; Elsken, van der, J.A.; Polman, A.; Dam, van, C.; Uffelen, van, K.W.M.; Smit, M.K. Published in: Applied OpticsPublished: 01/01/1997 Document VersionPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of Record (includes final page, issue and volume numbers)Please check the document version of this publication:• A submitted manuscript is the author's version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website.• The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review.• The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication Citation for published version (APA):Hoven, van den, G. N., Elsken, van der, J. A., Polman, A., Dam, van, C., Uffelen, van, K. W. M., & Smit, M. K. (1997). Absorption and emission cross sections of Er3+ in Al2O3 waveguides. Applied Optics, 36(15), 3338-3341. General rightsCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.• You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. with a maximum at 1.530 m of 8 dB͞cm. The Er 3ϩ absorption cross section is determined as a function of wavelength. We used the McCumber theory to derive the emission cross section spectrum from the absorption results, which we then compared with the Er 3ϩ photoluminescence spectrum. The peak absorption and emission cross sections are found to be 6 ϫ 10 Ϫ21 cm Ϫ2. The results are used to predict the optical gain performance of an Er-doped Al 2 O 3 optical amplifier that operates around 1.5 m.

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“…[33][34][35] Figure 6 shows the 1.53 m luminescence decay after pumping to steady state for several different pump intensities in the low-concentration sample. At low intensities the decay is a single exponential; the lifetime of the population of the 4 I 13/2 state is 7.8 ms. At higher intensities the data show an initial nonexponential decay.…”

Section: Time Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upconversion in Er-implanted Al2O3 waveguides

Hoven

Snoeks

Polman

et al. 1996

Journal of Applied Physics

168

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Hoven, van den, G.N.; Snoeks, E.; Polman, A.; Dam, van, C.; Uffelen, van, J.W.M.; Smit, M.K. Published in:Journal of Applied Physics Published: 01/01/1996 Document VersionPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of Record (includes final page, issue and volume numbers) Please check the document version of this publication:• A submitted manuscript is the author's version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website.• The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review.• The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication Citation for published version (APA):Hoven, van den, G. N., Snoeks, E., Polman, A., Dam, van, C., Uffelen, van, J. W. M., & Smit, M. K. (1996). Upconversion in Er-implanted Al2O3 waveguides. Journal of Applied Physics, 79(3), 1258-1266. General rightsCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.• You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. When pumped with a 1.48 m laser diode, Er-implanted Al 2 O 3 ridge waveguides emit a broad spectrum consisting of several distinct peaks having wavelengths ranging from the midinfrared ͑1.53 m͒ to the visible ͑520 nm͒. In order to explain these observations, three different upconversion mechanisms are considered: cooperative upconversion, excited state absorption, and pair-induced quenching. It is found that for samples with a high Er concentration ͑1.4 at. %͒, cooperative upconversion completely dominates the deexcitation of the Er 3ϩ ions. For a much lower concentration ͑0.12 at. %͒, the influence of cooperative upconversion is strongly reduced, and another upconversion effect becomes apparent: excited state absorption. These conclusions are based on measurements of the luminescence emission versus pump intensity, and also on measured luminescence decay curves. The upconversion coefficient is found to be ͑4Ϯ1͒ϫ10 Ϫ18 cm 3 /s; the excited state absorption cross section is ͑0.9Ϯ0.3͒ϫ10 Ϫ21 cm 2 . It is shown that in spite of these upconversion effects, a high fraction of the Er 3ϩ can be excite...

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Concentration-dependent /sup 4/I/sub 13/2/ lifetimes in Er/sup 3+/-doped fibers and Er/sup 3+/-doped planar waveguides

Cited by 78 publications

References 4 publications

Multilayered Waveguides for Increasing the Gain Bandwidth of Integrated Amplifiers

Multilayered Waveguides for Increasing the Gain Bandwidth of Integrated Amplifiers

Absorption and emission cross sections of Er^3+ in Al_2O_3 waveguides

Upconversion in Er-implanted Al2O3 waveguides

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