Concentration of exhaled breath condensate biomarkers after fractionated collection based on exhaled CO
                    <sub>2</sub>
                    signal

Goldoni, Matteo; Corradi, Massimo; Mozzoni, Paola; Folesani, Giuseppina; Alinovi, Rossella; Pinelli, Silvana; Andreoli, Roberta; Pigini, Daniela; Tillo, Raffaella; Filetti, A; Garavelli, Claudia; Mutti, Antonio

doi:10.1088/1752-7155/7/1/017101

Cited by 23 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…All breath testing should incorporate measurement of CO 2 (or O 2 ) to adjust the breath sample for non-alveolar dilution of exhaled air (86). Concomitant measurement of CH 4 is also required.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen and Methane-Based Breath Testing in Gastrointestinal Disorders: The North American Consensus

Rezaie

Buresi

Lembo

et al. 2017

American Journal of Gastroenterology

615

734

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Objectives:Breath tests (BTs) are important for the diagnosis of carbohydrate maldigestion syndromes and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). However, standardization is lacking regarding indications for testing, test methodology and interpretation of results. A consensus meeting of experts was convened to develop guidelines for clinicians and research.Methods:Pre-meeting survey questions encompassing five domains; indications, preparation, performance, interpretation of results, and knowledge gaps, were sent to 17 clinician-scientists, and 10 attended a live meeting. Using an evidence-based approach, 28 statements were finalized and voted on anonymously by a working group of specialists.Results:Consensus was reached on 26 statements encompassing all five domains. Consensus doses for lactulose, glucose, fructose and lactose BT were 10, 75, 25 and 25 g, respectively. Glucose and lactulose BTs remain the least invasive alternatives to diagnose SIBO. BT is useful in the diagnosis of carbohydrate maldigestion, methane-associated constipation, and evaluation of bloating/gas but not in the assessment of oro-cecal transit. A rise in hydrogen of ≥20 p.p.m. by 90 min during glucose or lactulose BT for SIBO was considered positive. Methane levels ≥10 p.p.m. was considered methane-positive. SIBO should be excluded prior to BT for carbohydrate malabsorption to avoid false positives. A rise in hydrogen of ≥20 p.p.m. from baseline during BT was considered positive for maldigestion.Conclusions:BT is a useful, inexpensive, simple and safe diagnostic test in the evaluation of common gastroenterology problems. These consensus statements should help to standardize the indications, preparation, performance and interpretation of BT in clinical practice and research.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen and Methane-Based Breath Testing in Gastrointestinal Disorders: The North American Consensus

Rezaie

Buresi

Lembo

et al. 2017

American Journal of Gastroenterology

615

734

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“…EBC was collected by a TurboDECCS device (Medivac, Parma, Italy) according to the manufacturer’s instructions (Goldoni et al 2013). Briefly, the subjects were asked to breathe into the collecting system for 5 min under conditions of normal tidal volume and without a noseclip.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential pattern of deposition of nanoparticles in the airways of exposed workers

et al. 2017

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Ultrafine particles (UFP) have been postulated to significantly contribute to the adverse health effects associated with exposure to particulate matter (PM). Due to their extremely small size (aerodynamic diameter <100 nm), UFP are able to deposit deep within the lung after inhalation and evade many mechanisms responsible for the clearance of larger particles. There is a lack of biologically relevant personal exposure metrics for exposure to occupational- and environmental-related micro- and nano-sized PM. The aim of the present study is to assess UFP in induced sputum (IS) and exhaled breath condensate (EBC) as possible biomarkers for assessing lung function impairment. Sputum induction and EBC testing were performed by conventional methods. UFP particles were assessed with the NanoSight LM20 (NanoSight Ltd, London, UK). The subjects included 35 exposed and 25 non-exposed workers. There were no group differences in pulmonary function test results and differential cell counts, but 63.6% of the exposed subjects had a higher percentage of neutrophils (OR3.28 p = 0.03) compared to the non-exposed subjects. The exposed subjects had higher percentages of UFP between 10 and 50 nm (69.45 ± 18.70 vs 60.11 ± 17.52 for the non-exposed group, p = 0.004). No differences were found in the IS samples. Years of exposure correlated positively to UFP content (r = 0.342 p = 0.01) and macrophage content (r = −0.327 p = 0.03). The percentage of small fraction of UFP in EBC, but not IS, is higher in exposed workers, and EBC may be a sensitive biomarker to assess exposure to nanoparticles.

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“…Although high doses of lactose (≥50 g) have been used for LBT, 25 g (equivalent of 500 mL of milk) is within the normal range of consumption and is the recommended dose after 8–12 h of fasting [30]. All breath testing should incorporate measurement of CO 2 (or O 2 ) to adjust the breath sample for non-alveolar dilution of exhaled air [31]. Concomitant measurement of CH 4 is also required because the detection rate of an early rise in H 2 production significantly decreases in excess methane producers [30].…”

Section: Diagnostic Approach To a Pediatric Patient With Suspected Lamentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactose Intolerance: Common Misunderstandings

Costanzo

Canani

2018

Ann Nutr Metab

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Lactose intolerance primarily refers to a syndrome having different symptoms upon the consumption of foods containing lactose. It is one of the most common form of food intolerance and occurs when lactase activity is reduced in the brush border of the small bowel mucosa. Individuals may be lactose intolerant to varying degrees, depending on the severity of these symptoms. When lactose is not digested, it can be fermented by gut microbiota leading to symptoms of lactose intolerance that include abdominal pain, bloating, flatulence, and diarrhea with a considerable intraindividual and interindividual variability in the severity of clinical manifestations. These gastrointestinal symptoms could be similar to cow’s milk allergy and could be wrongly labeled as symptoms of “milk allergy.” There are important differences between lactose intolerance and cow’s milk allergy; therefore, a better knowledge of these differences could limit misunderstandings in the diagnostic approach and in the management of these conditions.

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Concentration of exhaled breath condensate biomarkers after fractionated collection based on exhaled CO ₂ signal

Cited by 23 publications

References 66 publications

Hydrogen and Methane-Based Breath Testing in Gastrointestinal Disorders: The North American Consensus

Hydrogen and Methane-Based Breath Testing in Gastrointestinal Disorders: The North American Consensus

Differential pattern of deposition of nanoparticles in the airways of exposed workers

Lactose Intolerance: Common Misunderstandings

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Concentration of exhaled breath condensate biomarkers after fractionated collection based on exhaled CO 2 signal

Cited by 23 publications

References 66 publications

Hydrogen and Methane-Based Breath Testing in Gastrointestinal Disorders: The North American Consensus

Hydrogen and Methane-Based Breath Testing in Gastrointestinal Disorders: The North American Consensus

Differential pattern of deposition of nanoparticles in the airways of exposed workers

Lactose Intolerance: Common Misunderstandings

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Concentration of exhaled breath condensate biomarkers after fractionated collection based on exhaled CO ₂ signal