Concentration of Mercury in Cockles (Anadara granosa and A. antiquata) Harvested from Estuaries of Western Lombok, Indonesia, and Potential Risks to Human Health

Abstract

This study measured the levels of total mercury (tHg) in the whole tissues of cockles (Anadara granosa and A. antiquata) harvested from three estuaries of Western Lombok Island (WLI), Indonesia. This paper also evaluated the hazard level posed by the mercury in relation to the maximum residual limit for human consumption and to estimate the weekly intake and compare it with the provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI). The tHg concentrations in A. granosa ranged from 0.020 to 0.070 mg kg(-1), and those in A. antiquata were between 0.032 and 0.077 mg kg(-1) at all locations. All samples of cockles harvested from WLI contain tHg below the permissible limit for human consumption. The maximum weekly intakes for total mercury by coastal people range from 0.28 to 1.08 µg kg(-1) b.w., and they are below the recommended values of PTWI (5.6 µg kg(-1) b.w.). If it is assumed that 100% of the Hg in cockles is methyl mercury (MeHg), consumption of the indicated amounts at the measured values wouldn't exceed the MeHg PTWI (1.6 µg kg(-1) b.w.).

Heavy metals content in fresh tuna and swordfish caught from Hindian and Pacific Oceans: Health risk assessment of dietary exposure

“…This hypothesis is in line with the finding of Hg content in tuna fish caught from the Azorean Ocean, which was hypothesized to be closely related to the volcanic region around this area [ 68 ]. Other anthropogenic sources of Hg included coal used in electrical power generation [ 69 ], mining activities [ 23 ], and combustion of fossil fuel [ 70 ].…”

“…Cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg) have been reported by several studies to accumulate within the body of aquatic organisms. The previous studies have also explored the occurrence of heavy metal contamination in various marine fish species throughout the globe [20][21][22][23]. Therefore, it is important to assess the quality of seafood products, such as tuna and tuna-like swordfish, particularly those mostly consumed by humans.…”

Concentrations of Metals in Tissues of Cockle Anadara granosa (Linnaeus, 1758) from East Java Coast, Indonesia, and Potential Risks to Human Health

“…where EF is the exposure frequency (365 days year -1 ); ED is the exposure duration (70 years, equivalent to the average lifespan); IR is the ingestion rate of cockle (140 g person -1 day -1 , as used in previous studies [16,19]); C is the heavy metal concentration in cockle (μg g -1 ww); BW is the body weight (60 kg for adults); and AT is the average time (it is equal to 365 days year -1 multiplied by the number of exposure years (70 years as assumed in this study)). The estimation of weekly intake (EWI) of heavy metal equals to daily intake (EDI) multiply by seven days.…”

“…Besides having an important economic value, bivalves have been well established as biomonitoring organisms to assess metal pollution due to their capability to accumulate metals within their tissues [7]. The use of bivalves as bioindicators for monitoring the concentration of heavy metals has been conducted in many areas in the world [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Due to their widespread distribution, cockles therefore can be used as biomonitoring organism for comparative study.…”

Distribution of mercury in sediments, plant and animal tissues in Matang Mangrove Forest Reserve, Malaysia

“…comm.). These commercially important mangrove cockles often draw a scientific attention due to increased pollution in the coastal habitats, especially in Asia (Rahayu et al, 2016;Sudsandee et al, 2017).…”