Concentrations in Serum of IgG, IgM and IgA and Their Age-Dependence in Beagle Dogs as Determined by a Newly Developed Enzyme-Linked-Immuno-Sorbent-Assay (ELISA)

Schreiber, Martin J.; Kantimm, Dagmar; Kirchhoff, Daniela; Heimann, G.; Bhargava, A.S.

doi:10.1515/cclm.1992.30.11.775

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Previously, quantification of canine or feline Igs has generally been performed using single radial immunodiffusion (SRID) or ELISA . SRID and ELISA are manual assays and thus prone to imprecision and considerable turnaround times for sample analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of automated assays for immunoglobulin G, M, and A measurements in dog and cat serum

Tvarijonaviciute

Martı́nez-Subiela

Caldín³

et al. 2013

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of automated assays for immunoglobulin G, M, and A measurements in dog and cat serum

Tvarijonaviciute

Martı́nez-Subiela

Caldín³

et al. 2013

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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“…3 Five of the 8 affected Irish Wolfhounds tested in this study had low concentrations of serum IgA, although it is not easy to interpret serum IgA concentrations because normal values vary according to age and breed, as well as from 1 country to another. 12,14 Moreover, because it can be assumed that serum Ig concentrations are low in newborn puppies and then gradually increase during the 1st weeks or months after birth, it was not possible to compare serum concentrations from adult affected dogs with concentrations from healthy puppies or very young animals. Therefore, we only made such comparisons between groups of dogs older than 14 months of age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Results of postmortem examination were available for 3 dogs (dogs [12][13][14] and included macroscopic evidence of hydrocephalus, rhinitis, chronic bronchitis, pneumonia (both purulent and focal), and, in 1 dog, bronchiectasis.…”

Section: File # 20emmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhinitis/Bronchopneumonia Syndrome in Irish Wolfhounds

Clercx

Reichler

Peeters

et al. 2003

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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This study describes the clinical, immunologic, genetic, and pathologic features of Irish Wolfhounds with rhinitis/bronchopneumonia syndrome. The dogs examined were from Belgium, The Netherlands, UK, Canada, Germany, and Switzerland. Signs included transient to persistent mucoid or mucopurulent rhinorrhea, cough, and respiratory dyspnea. Radiographic, rhinoscopic, and bronchoscopic findings were variable. Analysis of ciliary ultrastructure was performed in 5 affected dogs, but no characteristic primary ciliary defects (primary ciliary dyskinesia) were detected. Serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) concentrations of IgA, IgG, and IgM were determined in some affected dogs and clinically normal Irish Wolfhounds. Serum IgA concentration was below the reference range in 5 of 8 affected dogs tested, whereas BALF IgA concentration was above the normal range in 2 affected adult dogs. The CD4 to CD8 lymphocyte subset ratio (CD4:CD8) in peripheral blood was tested in 3 affected dogs and was within the normal range. BALF CD4:CD8 was tested in 1 affected dog and was higher than the normal range. Decreased neutrophil phagocytosis was observed in 1 of the 4 dogs tested. Analysis of pedigrees of the Belgian, Canadian, German, and Swiss dogs revealed common ancestry, suggesting a heritable syndrome.

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“…Neither the immunization or CY challenges revealed a clear immunoglobulin response difference attributed to sex of the animal in this small study. However, given the thymus involution and pubertal influences that occur in dogs used in regulatory testing (age range, 4 -18 months), it seems appropriate to account for variation in age and sex when measuring immunoglobulins, as has been reported for IgE (Racine et al, 1999), IgG, IgM and IgA (Schreiber et al, 1992;German et al, 1998). The decline in IgM and IgG after CY testing may have reflected the half-life of circulating immunoglobulins, considered to be approximately 7 days (Burns et al, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capture ELISA and flow cytometry methods for toxicologic assessment following immunization and cyclophosphamide challenges in beagles

2000

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The purpose of this subacute 22-day study was to evaluate methods for canine circulating immunoglobulins (IgM, IgG, and IgE) and select B- and T-lymphocyte populations (CD4-helpers, CD8-suppressors, pan-T and pan-B) for immunotoxicity testing using an organ system (concordance) approach. The challenge substance for immunoglobulin testing was repeated immunization with six-way distemper vaccination (DHLAPP), while the challenge substance for leukocyte subpopulations was treatment with cyclophosphamide. Immunoglobulin measurements were made by capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and leukocyte immunophenotyping by fluorescein isothiocyanate/phycoerythrin conjugation (flow cytometry). A battery of parameters that would be used in a typical regulatory study were taken to aid interpretation of the data generated by these methods. Body weights, food consumption, clinical observations, complete clinical chemistry and urinalysis measurements were taken. Gross pathology and micropathology of sternal bone marrow, spleen, mesenteric and retropharyngeal lymph nodes, thymus, liver and kidney were completed. The ELISA method demonstrated acceptable intra-assay reproducibility for IgM, IgG and IgE, with values in good agreement as reported for radial immunodiffusion. The immunologic challenge demonstrated a biological trend of an increase in IgM that preceded an increase in IgG with no discernible trend in IgE response, and no abnormalities in lymphocyte subpopulations. Principle flow cytometry findings related to cyclophosphamide were that the relative percent of B cells decreased dramatically and progressively after compound administration; being statistically decreased in males on day 22 compared with day -5. The relative percent CD4 and CD8 contribution increased, but the CD4/CD8 ratio remained relatively unchanged as total white blood cells decreased progressively. The increase in relative percent CD4 (males only) was statistically significant according to a two-sample t-test on days 17, 20 and 22 when compared with the pre-treatment day -5. There was a relative percent increase in CD5-panT, but absolute numbers were dramatically decreased. We conclude that an organ system approach to assessment of the immune system which incorporates humoral antibody, enumeration of lymphocyte populations and pathologic evaluation of the lymphoreticular organs assists in the interpretation of an adverse toxicological response. The ELISA method for measurement of Igs detected the expected levels of IgG, IgM and IgE due to repeated vaccinations and to cyclophosphamide treatment. The flow cytometry method was acceptable for measuring select canine lymphocyte populations and detecting the expected decrease in B cells due to cyclophosphamide treatment. Both methods may be added to a testing battery for assessing immunotoxicityl in canine regulatory studies.

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Concentrations in Serum of IgG, IgM and IgA and Their Age-Dependence in Beagle Dogs as Determined by a Newly Developed Enzyme-Linked-Immuno-Sorbent-Assay (ELISA)

Cited by 11 publications

References 5 publications

Evaluation of automated assays for immunoglobulin G, M, and A measurements in dog and cat serum

Evaluation of automated assays for immunoglobulin G, M, and A measurements in dog and cat serum

Rhinitis/Bronchopneumonia Syndrome in Irish Wolfhounds

Capture ELISA and flow cytometry methods for toxicologic assessment following immunization and cyclophosphamide challenges in beagles

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