Concentrations of clindamycin hydrochloride in homogenates of normal dog skin when administered at two oral dosage regimens

Abstract

Background: Clindamycin is frequently used for the treatment of bacterial pyoderma. Objective: To compare the pharmacokinetics of clindamycin in whole skin homogenates of normal dogs when administered orally at two dosage regimens (5.5 mg/kg BW, twice daily and 11 mg/kg BW, once daily). Animals and Methods: Skin biopsies were obtained from six laboratory beagles before, 3, 6 and 12 h after the first and the fifth dose of clindamycin at the former regimen, as well as before, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h after the first and third dose at the latter regimen. Tissue was homogenized and clindamycin concentrations were measured by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Results were analyzed using Student's t-test at a level of significance of 0.05. Results: Maximal concentration and area under the concentration-time curve, but not their relevant dose-normalized values, were higher at the dosage regimen of 11 mg/kg BW, once daily than at 5.5 mg/kg BW twice daily. Conclusions: The pharmacokinetic profile of clindamycin is at least equal, if not better, when this antimicrobial is administered at 11 mg/kg BW, once daily.

Evaluation of Different Oral Formulations of Clindamycin Extended Release in Dogs

“…The AUC reported by Saridomichelakis were 30.1 [32] and 18.8 [33] (μg * h)/mL. The AUC values found in the present study were: 124.01 (μg * h)/mL and 96.98 (μg * h)/mL for ERF1 and ERF2, respectively.…”

“…Additionally, a recent study has reported that a topical gel containing an antibacterial agent (clindamycin) and an antifungal agent (butoconazole) as a treatment for vaginal infections achieved controlled release for up to 10 days in humans [31]. With respect to pharmacokinetic parameters, the Cmax reported in the studies by Saridomichelakis were 3.812 μg/mL [32] and 3.05 μg/mL [33]; in comparison, a higher Cmax was obtained for ERF1 in this study: 7.51 μg/mL. In another study [34], a Cmax value of 4.4 μg/mL was observed for IM administration.…”

“…In the present study, a shorter time period was required to achieve Cmax: 2.70 h for the control treatment, 2.16 h for ERF1, and 2.01 h for ERF2. In another studies [32,33], the value of Tmax were 3 h for the oral route. These values are only exceeded by those of a parenteral preparation evaluated by Lavy [34], in which the Tmax was 73 min after an IM administration and 46.7 min for SC administration.…”