Concept of the Exhumed Partial Annealing (Retention) Zone and Age-Elevation Profiles in Thermochronology

Fitzgerald, Paul G.; Malusà, Marco G.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-89421-8_9

Cited by 40 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…(p. 257) [To reconcile conflicting data] "we adjusted model parameters and uncertainties to account for uncertainty in the rate of radiation damage annealing in these apatites during sedimentary burial and the resulting variations in He retentivity." (p. 257) "A geologic hypothesis capable of explaining different t-T paths in these locations involves ragged cliff retreat of the Kaibab escarpment" (p. 270) Fitzgerald and Malusà (2019) No data "AFT and track-length data from basement several-hundred meters below the Cambrian unconformity in the Grand Wash trough were at 80-100 °C until rapid cooling about 17 Ma" (p. 183)…”

Section: Eastern Grand Canyonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Shinumo-Sespe drainage connection: Arguments against the “old” (70–17 Ma) Grand Canyon models for Colorado Plateau drainage evolution

et al. 2020

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The provocative hypothesis that the Shinumo Sandstone in the depths of Grand Canyon was the source for clasts of orthoquartzite in conglomerate of the Sespe Formation of coastal California, if verified, would indicate that a major river system flowed southwest from the Colorado Plateau to the Pacific Ocean prior to opening of the Gulf of California, and would imply that Grand Canyon had been carved to within a few hundred meters of its modern depth at the time of this drainage connection. The proposed Eocene Shinumo-Sespe connection, however, is not supported by detrital zircon nor paleomagnetic-inclination data and is refuted by thermochronology that shows that the Shinumo Sandstone of eastern Grand Canyon was >60 °C (~1.8 km deep) and hence not incised at this time. A proposed 20 Ma (Miocene) Shinumo-Sespe drainage connection based on clasts in the Sespe Formation is also refuted. We point out numerous caveats and non-unique interpretations of paleomagnetic data from clasts. Further, our detrital zircon analysis requires diverse sources for Sespe clasts, with better statistical matches for the four “most- Shinumo-like” Sespe clasts with quartzites of the Big Bear Group and Ontario Ridge metasedimentary succession of the Transverse Ranges, Horse Thief Springs Formation from Death Valley, and Troy Quartzite of central Arizona. Diverse thermochronologic and geologic data also refute a Miocene river pathway through western Grand Canyon and Grand Wash trough. Thus, Sespe clasts do not require a drainage connection from Grand Canyon or the Colorado Plateau and provide no constraints for the history of carving of Grand Canyon. Instead, abundant evidence refutes the “old” (70–17 Ma) Grand Canyon models and supports a <6 Ma Grand Canyon.

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Section: Eastern Grand Canyonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Shinumo-Sespe drainage connection: Arguments against the “old” (70–17 Ma) Grand Canyon models for Colorado Plateau drainage evolution

et al. 2020

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“…There is some dispersion in the data, especially shown by an AFT date for Zuni08 (located near the Quaternary Zuni Canyon basalt flow). On the date-stratigraphic position plot, the highest sample, 07SJB13 (Triassic Chinle Formation), shows the oldest AFT date, and the lowest basement samples display the youngest AFT dates and are generally within error of each other, suggesting moderate to rapid cooling through the apatite partial annealing zone (Fitzgerald & Malusà, 2019). Available fission track lengths (Figure 5c; Table 1) are 12.2-15.1 µm and corroborate moderate to rapid cooling (Fitzgerald & Malusà, 2019).…”

Section: Thermochronologymentioning

confidence: 70%

“…75-80 Ma that would indicate onset of exhumation. Moderate to rapid cooling after exhumation commenced is suggested by the relative tightness of dates through the stratigraphic column (Figure 5b), track lengths of 12.2-15.1 µm (Figure 5c; Table 1: Fitzgerald & Malusà, 2019), and little to no AHe date-eU correlation (Figure 5d: Flowers et al, 2009). Inverse models bracket onset of exhumation as early as ca.…”

Section: Low-temperature Heating and Cooling Historymentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Apatite thermochronology integrated with stratigraphic analysis and thermal calculations are used to constrain in detail the low-temperature heating and cooling history of the range. The overlapping closure temperatures of AFT (∼110 °C-60 °C: e.g., Fitzgerald & Malusà, 2019) and AHe (∼90 °C-40 °C: e.g., Wolf et al, 1998) provide a powerful data set for tracking the cooling of samples from 3-4 km depths to near-surface conditions. We employ a strategy that examines samples from different structural and stratigraphic positions across the Zuni arch (Figures 1 and 2), and use the thermochronology data and HeFTy forward and inverse models (Ketcham, 2005) to interpret cooling histories and the onset of exhumation.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Late Cretaceous–Recent Low‐Temperature Cooling History and Tectonic Analysis of the Zuni Mountains, West‐Central New Mexico

2021

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“…The AFT method is based on the temperature‐ and time‐dependent annealing of fission tracks produced by the spontaneous decay of 238 U in an apatite crystal (e.g., Donelick et al., 2005). The AFT method is useful in discerning the time‐temperature (t‐T) history of a sample through the temperatures of ∼120–60°C, a temperature range referred to as the partial annealing zone (PAZ; e.g., Fitzgerald & Malusà, 2019). At temperatures > ∼120°C (i.e., below the PAZ), fission tracks effectively anneal spontaneously over geologic time (i.e., >∼1 m.y.).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional Exhumation and Tectonic History of the Shanxi Rift and Taihangshan, North China

et al. 2021

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The Cenozoic structural geology of Asia comprises a continental-scale region of interacting strike-slip, thrust, and extensional faults (Figure 1a and 1b; e.g., Tapponnier & Molnar, 1977; Taylor & Yin, 2009). Cenozoic faulting is largely dictated by the India-Asia continental collision, the gravitational spreading of the Tibetan Plateau, and subduction along the eastern margin of Eurasia (e.g., A. Yin, 2010). In the circum-Ordos region of North China, more than 2,000 km from the nearest active plate boundary, Cenozoic deformation has produced intracontinental rifts that define the periphery of the Ordos block (Figure 1c). Along the eastern margin of the Ordos block is the ∼1,000 km long late Miocene-Quaternary Shanxi Rift characterized by NE-SW-striking basins and uplifts linked by ∼ N-S-striking accommodation zones (e.g., X. Xu & Ma, 1992) (Figure 2). Rifting is attributed to NW-SE extension associated with the propagation of left-lateral strike-slip faults emanating from the northern Tibetan Plateau (e.g., Peltzer et al., 1985; Tapponnier & Molnar, 1977), and the timing and mode of extension appears similar to other late Miocene and younger rift systems in the southern Himalayan-Tibetan orogen and the interior of Asia (e.g., Baikal Rift; A. Yin, 2000) (Figure 1a). The left-stepping en-echelon and sigmoid-shaped geometry of the Shanxi Rift suggests a transtensional origin, which is broadly attributed to the counterclockwise rotation of the Ordos block relative to the adjacent Alxa block and North China Plain (e.g.,

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Concept of the Exhumed Partial Annealing (Retention) Zone and Age-Elevation Profiles in Thermochronology

Cited by 40 publications

References 96 publications

Evaluating the Shinumo-Sespe drainage connection: Arguments against the “old” (70–17 Ma) Grand Canyon models for Colorado Plateau drainage evolution

Evaluating the Shinumo-Sespe drainage connection: Arguments against the “old” (70–17 Ma) Grand Canyon models for Colorado Plateau drainage evolution

Late Cretaceous–Recent Low‐Temperature Cooling History and Tectonic Analysis of the Zuni Mountains, West‐Central New Mexico

Regional Exhumation and Tectonic History of the Shanxi Rift and Taihangshan, North China

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