Concepts for fire protection of passenger rail transportation vehicles: Past, present, and future

Peacock, Richard D.; Reneke, Paul A.; Jones, Walter W.; Bukowski, Richard W.; Babrauskas, Vytenis

doi:10.1002/fam.810190205

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In 1999, The John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (Volpe Center) developed a comprehensive three-phase fire safety research program to prove the feasibility of applying HRR test methods and fire modeling and hazard analysis techniques to U.S. passenger trains. After that, an extensive effort was also underway to relate small-scale and real-scale fire performance using HRR and fire modeling by many other researchers [2][3].…”

Section: Research Methods Of the Hrr Of Passenger Rail Carmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Influence of Window Glass Ignition Temperature on the Heat Release Rate of CRH Passenger Rail Car

Chen

Yao

2012

AMM

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The window glass ignition temperature is one of the main factors that determine the Heat Release Rate (HRR) of passenger rail car. In order to reveal the influence of window glass ignition temperature on the HRR of China Railways High-speed (CRH) passenger rail car, the HRR, ignition temperature and other thermal parameters of the individual materials and component assemblies of the CRH passenger rail car, are measured with the Cone Calorimeter, burning temperature tester and other instruments, as the input parameters of Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS), and according to the different window glass ignition temperatures ,4 fire scenarios have been designed to obtain the HRR vs. time curves of CRH passenger rail car. The comparison results show that the window glass ignition temperature exerts a significant influence on the HRR of passenger rail car; if the ignition temperature is lower than 415°C, during the fire process the windows near the ignition source will be broken, and the back draft phenomenon will take place, resulting in the extremely high second peak HRR, about 22.6MW; if the ignition temperature is higher than 470°C, during the fire process all the windows will not be broken; and so it is suggested that the window glass ignition temperature in the passenger rail car should be higher than 520°C.

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Section: Research Methods Of the Hrr Of Passenger Rail Carmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Influence of Window Glass Ignition Temperature on the Heat Release Rate of CRH Passenger Rail Car

Chen

Yao

2012

AMM

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“…Although these standards have a great number of test methods to analyze fire behavior of materials, many of these were developed several decades ago, and thus they may not be representative of the physics in real-scale burning [6]. Their results present, in many cases, a low correlation with the fire behavior on full-scale tests [7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Heat release rate and computer fire modelling vs real‐scale fire tests in passenger trains

et al. 2008

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SUMMARYThe materials and products used in passenger trains may not be the first ignited element, but during the fire development, these materials, especially ceiling linings and wall coverings, contribute significantly to the fire growth. The fire safety requirements in passenger trains consist mainly of bench-scale tests, with particular focus on the sample geometry, position and fire exposition. When this information is extrapolated to real end use conditions limitations appear.In this paper, a discussion of the use of fire dynamics simulator model and heat release rate experiments in cone calorimeter (bench-scale test) is presented in order to represent the fire development in a passenger train compartment. For the study, two fire scenarios were selected: (1) the single burning item SBI test (modified) and (2) a passenger train compartment. Initially, the limitations of the assumptions and hypothesis made when producing the model were analyzed and the research team carried out a sensitivity study of the model results considering different grid sizes.In order to validate the model, both bench-and full-scale fire tests were considered based on the results provided by the European research program FIRESTARR. The limitations and uncertainties in the results demonstrate the importance of two basic factors: the incident heat flux in the cone calorimeter tests and the prescribed ignition temperature.

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“…In the frame of designing low-weight insulating materials and flame-resistant barriers for buildings and vehicles, the development of multi-functional materials, able to couple energy efficiency with fire safety represents one of the main aims of the research [3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porous Geopolymer Insulating Core from a Metakaolin/Biomass Ash Composite

et al. 2017

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Ashes derived from the combustion of vegetal and animal biomass still represent a mostly unexplored secondary raw material for the production of alkali-activated materials, given their peculiar chemical nature. In this work, calcium phosphate biomass ashes were successfully used as partially reactive fillers in a metakaolin-based geopolymer composite to produce, by direct foaming, sustainable and lightweight boards with thermal insulating properties. The investigated materials were obtained by activating a blend of metakaolin and biomass ash in a weight ratio of 1: 1 and foamed with the addition of H 2 O 2 in measure of 5 wt. %, to maximize the volume of disposed ash and ensure adequate properties to the material at the same time. The obtained geopolymer composite was characterized by microstructural, chemical-physical, mechanical and thermal analysis: the obtained results showed that biomass ash and metakaolin well integrated in the microstructure of the final porous material, which was characterized by a density of about 310 kg/m 3 and a thermal conductivity of 0.073 W/mK at a mean test temperature of 30 • C, coupled with an acceptable compressive strength of about 0.6 MPa. Dilatometric and thermogravimetric analysis, performed up to 1000 • C, highlighted the thermal stability of the composite, which could be regarded as a promising material for low-cost, self-bearing thermal insulating partitions or lightweight cores for thermostructural sandwich panels.

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Concepts for fire protection of passenger rail transportation vehicles: Past, present, and future

Cited by 15 publications

References 25 publications

Study on the Influence of Window Glass Ignition Temperature on the Heat Release Rate of CRH Passenger Rail Car

Study on the Influence of Window Glass Ignition Temperature on the Heat Release Rate of CRH Passenger Rail Car

Heat release rate and computer fire modelling vs real‐scale fire tests in passenger trains

Porous Geopolymer Insulating Core from a Metakaolin/Biomass Ash Composite

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