Concepts of Epidemiology of Sarcoidosis

Cummings, Martin M.; Dunner, Edward; Schmidt, Richard H.; Barnwell, John B.

doi:10.1080/00325481.1956.11708317

Cited by 75 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The same study revealed that blacks with sarcoidosis were younger than whites with the disease; the disease occurred more frequently in blacks less than 26 years than in whites the same age. The study also confirmed that most of these patients were born in the southeastern part of the United States (6).…”

Section: Frequency and Epidemiologysupporting

confidence: 74%

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Sarcoidosis in Children

Clark

1987

Pediatric Dermatology

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Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disease of unknown etiology that is rarely diagnosed in children. When mass screening is performed, the incidence of the disease in children approaches that of adults with similar demographics. Most childhood cases occur around ages 9 to 15 years, with small clusters of cases occurring in children under age 4 years. The disease in these two age groups has very different clinical features. Children under age 4 have a clinical triad of rash, arthritis, and uveitis. The classic syndrome in older children involves primarily lungs, lymph nodes, and eyes. In older children, constitutional symptoms (fatigue, lethargy, malaise) and pulmonary symptoms (cough, dyspnea) predominate. Mortality in childhood sarcoidosis is about 5%, with long-term sequelae in 10% to 20%. Early recognition may prevent complications such as blindness, pulmonary insufficiency, and renal impairment.

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Section: Frequency and Epidemiologysupporting

confidence: 74%

“…The local incidence is highly variable, with as many as 200 per 100,(KX) being affected in certain groups in some communities (3). The prevalence is greater in rural communities than urban communities (6). Worldwide, sarcoidosis has been reported largely in the United States, England, Scandinavian countries, and Japan (i).…”

Section: Frequency and Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcoidosis in Children

Clark

1987

Pediatric Dermatology

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“…The AA population is more commonly affected than EAs [16], [17], [18], [19], with a three-fold higher lifetime risk (2.4%) and age-adjusted annual incidence (35.5 per 100,000) compared to EAs (0.85% and 10.9 per 100,000, respectively). AA patients have higher disease severity and more extra-thoracic involvement than EA patients and are less likely to have disease that resolves [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Association Study of African and European Americans Implicates Multiple Shared and Ethnic Specific Loci in Sarcoidosis Susceptibility

et al. 2012

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Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disease characterized by the formation of granulomas in affected organs. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of this disease have been conducted only in European population. We present the first sarcoidosis GWAS in African Americans (AAs, 818 cases and 1,088 related controls) followed by replication in independent sets of AAs (455 cases and 557 controls) and European Americans (EAs, 442 cases and 2,284 controls). We evaluated >6 million SNPs either genotyped using the Illumina Omni1-Quad array or imputed from the 1000 Genomes Project data. We identified a novel sarcoidosis-associated locus, NOTCH4, that reached genome-wide significance in the combined AA samples (rs715299, P AA-meta = 6.51×10−10) and demonstrated the independence of this locus from others in the MHC region in the same sample. We replicated previous European GWAS associations within HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB5, HLA-DRB1, BTNL2, and ANXA11 in both our AA and EA datasets. We also confirmed significant associations to the previously reported HLA-C and HLA-B regions in the EA but not AA samples. We further identified suggestive associations with several other genes previously reported in lung or inflammatory diseases.

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“…Cummings and his colleagues (Cummings et al, 1956;Cummings, Dunner & Williams, 1959) showed that the distribution of sarcoidosis was similar to that of pine trees, both predominating in the South-Eastern United States. In this country 2 % of record patients and only 3 % of sarcoidosis subjects express exposure to conifers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%