Conceptual coherence affects phonological activation of context objects during object naming.

Oppermann, Frank; Jescheniak, Jörg D.; Schriefers, Herbert

doi:10.1037/0278-7393.34.3.587

Cited by 27 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In some cases, unnamed pictures phonologically related to the to-be-named picture or word facilitate naming which suggests that participants may automatically access the phonological representations of unnamed pictures (Morsella and Miozzo, 2002; Navarrete and Costa, 2005; Humphreys et al, 2010). However, this effect may only occur when pictures are semantically related (Oppermann et al, 2010b), thematically related (Oppermann et al, 2008), as a result of attentional effects (Roelofs, 2008; Malpass and Meyer, 2010), or strategic effects (Bloem et al, 2004). In some cases, the effect is not found at all (Jescheniak et al, 2009).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phonological Planning during Sentence Production: Beyond the Verb

Schnur¹

2011

Front. Psychology

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The current study addresses the extent of phonological planning during spontaneous sentence production. Previous work shows that at articulation, phonological encoding occurs for entire phrases, but encoding beyond the initial phrase may be due to the syntactic relevance of the verb in planning the utterance. I conducted three experiments to investigate whether phonological planning crosses multiple grammatical phrase boundaries (as defined by the number of lexical heads of phrase) within a single phonological phrase. Using the picture–word interference paradigm, I found in two separate experiments a significant phonological facilitation effect to both the verb and noun of sentences like “He opens the gate.” I also altered the frequency of the direct object and found longer utterance initiation times for sentences ending with a low-frequency vs. high-frequency object offering further support that the direct object was phonologically encoded at the time of utterance initiation. That phonological information for post-verbal elements was activated suggests that the grammatical importance of the verb does not restrict the extent of phonological planning. These results suggest that the phonological phrase is unit of planning, where all elements within a phonological phrase are encoded before articulation. Thus, consistent with other action sequencing behavior, there is significant phonological planning ahead in sentence production.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phonological Planning during Sentence Production: Beyond the Verb

Schnur¹

2011

Front. Psychology

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“…For instance, Morsella and Miozzo (2002) and Navarrete and Costa (2005) found evidence of access to the phonological representation of a distractor object during target object naming when the target and distractor object were superimposed (see Oppermann, Jescheniak, & Schriefers, 2008, for evidence regarding the limitations of visual grouping effects). These findings raise the possibility that the initial phrase complexity effect results from processes occurring during the visual encoding of the scene.…”

Section: Evidence For a Phrasal Scope Of Planning In Speech Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planning in sentence production: Evidence for the phrase as a default planning scope

et al. 2010

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Controversy remains as to the scope of advanced planning in language production. Smith and Wheeldon (1999) found significantly longer onset latencies when subjects described moving picture displays by producing sentences beginning with a complex noun phrase than for matched sentences beginning with a simple noun phrase. While these findings are consistent with a phrasal scope of planning, they might also be explained on the basis of: 1) greater retrieval fluency for the second content word in the simple initial noun phrase sentences and 2) visual grouping factors. In Experiments 1 and 2, retrieval fluency for the second content word was equated for the complex and simple initial noun phrase conditions. Experiments 3 and 4 addressed the visual grouping hypothesis by using stationary displays and by comparing onset latencies for the same display for sentence and list productions. Longer onset latencies for the sentences beginning with a complex noun phrase were obtained in all experiments, supporting the phrasal scope of planning hypothesis. The results indicate that in speech, as in other motor production domains, planning occurs beyond the minimal production unit. Evidence for a Phrasal Scope of Planning in Speech ProductionIn cognitive tasks involving motor output, be it language production, problem solving, or skilled motor performance (such as playing a musical instrument), people must execute a sequence of actions toward some goal. Crucial issues in all these cognitive domains concern the levels of representation at which advance planning takes place and the extent or scope of such planning (e.g., Catrambone, 1998;Rosenbaum, 2010;Smith & Wheeldon, 1999). There are major benefits to planning ahead -such as avoiding mistakes. One can insure that in problem solving, for instance, one will not end up in a game position from which there is no legal move without backtracking. In piano playing one can avoid choosing fingering for the first notes of a run that would impede rapid execution of the entire arpeggio. In language production, one can avoid becoming tongue-tied because of the difficulty in finding an appropriate word or phrase to complete a thought given what has already been produced. Advance planning has its downsides as well. Advance planning at multiple levels is

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“…In all experiments presented in this article, a variant of the picture-word-interference paradigm (Oppermann et al, 2008(Oppermann et al, , 2010; see also Jescheniak, Hantsch, & Schriefers, 2005) was used. In this paradigm, participants are presented with displays showing two colored objects in close spatial proximity.…”

Section: Verview Of the Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ease of processing constrains the activation flow in the conceptual-lexical system during speech planning.

Mädebach¹,

Jescheniak²,

Oppermann³

et al. 2011

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cogni

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In 3 picture-word interference experiments, speakers named a target object in the presence of an unrelated not-to-be-named context object. Distractor words, which were phonologically related or unrelated to the context object's name, were used to determine whether the context object had become phonologically activated. All objects had high frequency names, and the ease of processing of these objects was manipulated by a visual degradation technique. In Experiment 1, both objects were nondegraded; in Experiment 2, both objects were degraded; and in Experiment 3, either the target object or the context object was degraded. Distractor words, which were phonologically related to the context objects, interfered with the naming response when both objects were nondegraded, indicating that the context objects had become phonologically coactivated. The effect vanished when both objects were degraded, when only the context object was degraded, and when only the target object was degraded. These data demonstrate that the amount of available processing resources constrains the forward cascading of activation in the conceptual-lexical system. Context objects are likely to become phonologically coactivated if they are easily retrieved and if prioritized target processing leaves sufficient resources.

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Conceptual coherence affects phonological activation of context objects during object naming.

Cited by 27 publications

References 47 publications

Phonological Planning during Sentence Production: Beyond the Verb

Phonological Planning during Sentence Production: Beyond the Verb

Planning in sentence production: Evidence for the phrase as a default planning scope

Ease of processing constrains the activation flow in the conceptual-lexical system during speech planning.

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