Conceptual Framework for Future WSN-MAC Protocol to Achieve Energy Consumption Enhancement

Sadeq, Abdulrahman Sameer; Hassan, Rosilah; Sallehudin, Hasimi; Aman, Azana Hafizah Mohd; Ibrahim, Ahmad Asrul

doi:10.3390/s22062129

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…In [36], the authors presented a detailed methodology on conducting performance evaluation of low power lossy networks; similarly, another approach for performance evaluation of green MAC protocol has been proposed in [37]. A conceptual framework for developing future energy efficient MAC protocols has been developed in [38]. A case study of MAC protocol to achieve lifetime maximization has been presented in [39].…”

Section: Relevant Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each emerging application area such as smart agriculture [2], smart transportation [3], smart energy [4], smart factory [5], Unmanned Aerial Vehicles [6], fitness tracking [7], and generic healthcare [8] requires a specific MAC protocol which well matches the requirements. Researchers, therefore, continue to design new protocols due to the lack of available standard which is well suited for the diverse range of applications [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A roadmap to developing energy-efficient MAC protocol in wireless sensor networks: a case of ADP-MAC development and implementation

Siddiqui

Khan²,

Ghani

2023

Mehran Univ. res. j. eng. technol.

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Over the past two decades, hundreds of protocols have been developed for diversified applications of WSN corresponding to different layers in the communication stack. Among these, Media Access Control (MAC) layer protocols are of great interest due to providing possibility of optimizing performance parameters. Despite availability of a large number of survey articles, there remains a gap for a tutorial that offers guidelines about the development process of MAC protocol. In this paper, we present a detailed tutorial for developing a MAC protocol starting from the stage of research gap identification and ending at the performance evaluation. We described the journey of development and implementation of a novel asynchronous MAC protocol ADP-MAC (Adaptive and Dynamic Polling MAC) as a case study. ADP-MAC was developed by deploying a novel concept of channel polling interval distributions, and was compared against Synchronized Channel Polling- MAC (SCP-MAC) and lightweight Traffic Auto-Adaptation based MAC (T-AAD). Finally, we proposed major milestones of protocol development along with recommendations about publishing the research.

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Section: Relevant Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A roadmap to developing energy-efficient MAC protocol in wireless sensor networks: a case of ADP-MAC development and implementation

Siddiqui

Khan²,

Ghani

2023

Mehran Univ. res. j. eng. technol.

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“…The HAPs collect data from sensor nodes and forward them to the sink. In such a WPT-enabled WSN structure, for timely energy harvesting and data exchange between heterogeneous devices, comprehensively designing a medium access control (MAC) layer protocol considering a network topology and various traffic types (i.e., control messages (CMs), intra-cluster traffic, and inter-cluster traffic) is a challenging issue [14][15][16].…”

Section: Of 21mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Concurrent Slotframe Scheduling for Wireless Power Transfer-Enabled Wireless Sensor Networks

Lee

Nguyen-Xuan

Kwon

et al. 2022

Sensors

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This paper presents a multiple concurrent slotframe scheduling (MCSS) protocol for wireless power transfer (WPT)-enabled wireless sensor networks. The MCSS supports a cluster-tree network topology composed of heterogeneous devices, including hybrid access points (HAPs) serving as power transmitting units and sensor nodes serving as power receiving units as well as various types of traffic, such as power, data, and control messages (CMs). To this end, MCSS defines three types of time-slotted channel hopping (TSCH) concurrent slotframes: the CM slotframe, HAP slotframe, and WPT slotframe. These slotframes are used for CM traffic, inter-cluster traffic, and intra-cluster traffic, respectively. In MCSS, the length of each TSCH concurrent slotframe is set to be mutually prime to minimize the overlap between cells allocated in the slotframes, and its transmission priority is determined according to the characteristics of transmitted traffic. In addition, MCSS determines the WPT slotframe length, considering the minimum number of power and data cells required for energy harvesting and data transmission of sensor nodes and the number of overprovisioned cells needed to compensate for overlap between cells. The simulation results demonstrated that MCSS outperforms the legacy TSCH medium access control protocol and TSCH multiple slotframe scheduling (TMSS) for the average end-to-end delay, aggregate throughput, and average harvested energy.

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“…The fact that Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are often battery-operated makes it even harder to manage energy use. Since energy consumption is most in MAC Layer [5,6], an efficient design of MAC Layer protocol will save energy of nodes thereby increasing network lifetime in turn QoS. For this reason, experts are developing fresh methods to improve the MAC Protocol in order to boost the MAC layer's performance.Recent improvements in MAC protocols allow wireless sensor network powered by ambient energy harvesting (WSN-HEAP) to be a great choice in comparison to battery-powered networks (4)(5)(6)(7) .…”

Section: Brief Description Of Proposed Protocol (Smlmac-heap)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since energy consumption is most in MAC Layer [5,6], an efficient design of MAC Layer protocol will save energy of nodes thereby increasing network lifetime in turn QoS. For this reason, experts are developing fresh methods to improve the MAC Protocol in order to boost the MAC layer's performance.Recent improvements in MAC protocols allow wireless sensor network powered by ambient energy harvesting (WSN-HEAP) to be a great choice in comparison to battery-powered networks (4)(5)(6)(7) . Presently research shows (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13) that use of ambient energy like solar, wind, water, Radio Frequency (RF) etc.…”

Section: Brief Description Of Proposed Protocol (Smlmac-heap)mentioning

confidence: 99%

SMLMAC-HEAP: Slotted Multi-Layer MAC Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks Powered by Ambient Energy Harvesting

Dash¹,

Panda²

2022

IJST

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Objectives: To study the lifetime of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) as well as to propose and simulate a suitable approach so that the Quality-of-Service (QoS) of the network in terms of throughput improved when compared with the previous methods. Methods: The lifetime of WSN depends on the MAC layer because energy consumption is more due to the sharing access of media. Our approach is designed not only to adopt the division of the MAC layer into a number of slots by keeping both listen and sleep mode but also using the solar harvested energy; hence, the network's lifetime is improved with the compared protocol. Our approach with compared protocol is simulated through MATLAB simulator on EZ430-RF2500-SHE" (Datasheet of Texas Instruments'). Findings:In WSN, we found that energy consumption is more at the MAC layer, so network performance degrades in terms of lifetime. To solve the issue of energy consumption in WSN, researchers focused on and designed several techniques to improve the MAC layer. To bring out the practicality of the proposed protocol, we present a case study on the variation of layers with slots in terms of throughput metrics. Finally, the simulation result shows that the proposed protocol performs better than MLMAC-HEAP, Probabilistic Polling and Optimal Polling from layer 7 with slot 7. Novelty: The proposed approach merges the two concepts; one is by using the ambient solar energy, and the other, by adopting slot concepts for each layer of MAC.

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Conceptual Framework for Future WSN-MAC Protocol to Achieve Energy Consumption Enhancement

Cited by 21 publications

References 60 publications

A roadmap to developing energy-efficient MAC protocol in wireless sensor networks: a case of ADP-MAC development and implementation

A roadmap to developing energy-efficient MAC protocol in wireless sensor networks: a case of ADP-MAC development and implementation

Multiple Concurrent Slotframe Scheduling for Wireless Power Transfer-Enabled Wireless Sensor Networks

SMLMAC-HEAP: Slotted Multi-Layer MAC Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks Powered by Ambient Energy Harvesting

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