Conceptual issues in hypnosis research: explanations, definitions and the state/non‐state debate

Hasegawa, Harutomo; Jamieson, G.A.

doi:10.1002/ch.247

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Most of the notions about hypnosis related to state or non-state (debate has been about whether or not hypnosis involves an altered state of consciousness), intrapersonal or interpersonal, special process or social-psychological, neurocognitive or sociocognitive, single and multifactor theories (Yapko, 2003, Hasegawa & Jamieson, 2002. Most researchers claim that hypnosis is an altered state of consciousness.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The “Hidden Observer” as the Cognitive Unconscious During Hypnosis

Császár

Scholkmann²,

Kapócs

et al. 2016

Act Nerv Super

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The question of how to define and explain hypnosis is still not completely answered. Most of the theories of hypnosis are based on describing it as an altered state of consciousness; others focus on intrapersonal and interpersonal aspects, sociopsychological, neurocognitive or sociocognitive processes. More detailed explanation of hypnosis requires a synthesis of these various perspectives-a task for future research. Recent experiments are in agreement with Braid's concept of hypnosis (published already in 1843) defining hypnosis as a process enhancing or depressing neural activity as well as changing functional connectivity among brain regions; the brain regions involved in mental imagery are thought to be central for hypnosis. In the present article we suggest that the "hidden observer" under hypnosis might be due to the cognitive unconscious and that this special state emerges principally in highly susceptible subjects. Explicitly, the "hidden observer" might be nothing other than the cognitive unconscious.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The “Hidden Observer” as the Cognitive Unconscious During Hypnosis

Császár

Scholkmann²,

Kapócs

et al. 2016

Act Nerv Super

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“…Consideration of levels of explanation by Kallio and Revonsuo (2003), also entertained by Hasegawa and Jamieson (2002) from my laboratory, is helpful in this regard. However, just as it is clear that the phenomenological level is of fundamental importance to hypnosis as it is to ASC in general, and the methodological innovations of McConkey (McConkey, Wende, Barnier, 1999) are welcomed, it is also clear that ASC require biological changes that are different from ordinary SC.…”

Section: Relaxationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Altered states of consciousness and hypnosis in the twenty-first century

Gruzelier

2005

Contemp. Hypnosis

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The contemporary perspective on altered states of conscious is surveyed as an introduction to commentaries on Kallio and Revonsuo's lead article in Contemporary Hypnosis (2003). It is noted that the study of consciousness, unconscious processing, and altered states of consciousness are central issues in neuroscience, heralding fresh approaches to the neuroscientific understanding of hypnosis. These include attempts to bring together new neurophysiological methods with phenomenological report. The alteration in hypnosis of anterior brain processes including the anterior cingulated cortex and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex are particularly productive areas of research. The lack of engagement with neuroscientific evidence from theorists with a purely social and cognitive orientation to hypnosis is noted, with examples provided from research on attention and relaxation. Unifying the field awaits active collaboration between scientists with neurophysiological and social orientations.

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“…They assert that the evidence only establishes the existence of particular brain states during hypnosis, not that the states played a causal role (Kirsch, 2000;Kirsch & Lynn, 2006;Wagstaff, 2000). These critics admit to dissociative-like cognitive processes, acknowledge neurobiological evidence of brain states that correspond to altered cognitive functioning, offer few proposals themselves for critical brain-state evidence to support their position, and propose ever more stringent demands for controls conditions (that some argue are impossible) (Gruzelier, 1998(Gruzelier, , 2000Hasegawa & Jamieson, 2002;Kirsch, 2000;Kirsch & Lynn, 2006;Wagstaff, 1998Wagstaff, , 2000. This may simply be part of the refinements in theory and method that occurs as science advances.…”

Section: Whence the Future?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence, ontology, and psychological science: The lesson of hypnosis.

Vandenberg¹

2010

Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology

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Data are never free of philosophical encumbrances. Nevertheless, philosophical issues are often considered peripheral to method and evidence. Historical perspectives likewise are not considered integral to most data-driven disputes in contemporary psychological science. This paper examines the history of the investigation of hypnosis over the last 75 years to illuminate how evidence and method are entangled with epistemology and ontology, how new research directions are forged by changes in the cultural and philosophical landscape, and how unacknowledged philosophical assumptions can result in confusion and empirical cul-de-sacs. Theoretical disputes that appear to be simple empirical matters often entail hidden philosophical issues, and apparent historical continuity at the theoretical level can belie discontinuity at the ontological level. The lesson of hypnosis is that philosophical analysis is as important as methodological rigor.

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Conceptual issues in hypnosis research: explanations, definitions and the state/non‐state debate

Cited by 17 publications

References 57 publications

The “Hidden Observer” as the Cognitive Unconscious During Hypnosis

The “Hidden Observer” as the Cognitive Unconscious During Hypnosis

Altered states of consciousness and hypnosis in the twenty-first century

Evidence, ontology, and psychological science: The lesson of hypnosis.

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