Concerning Agglutinins for Treponema Pallidum

Kolmer, John A.

doi:10.1084/jem.18.1.18

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Since it is now agreed that T. pallidura has not as yet been cultivated and is therefore not available in adequate amounts for the usual in vitro immunological studies, various cultivatable, non-pathogenic spirochetes have been used in agglutination and complement-fixation tests (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25) with sera from syphilitic animals and human beings. However, a considerable proportion of presumably normal sera has been found to react with these antigens, though usually in low titre.…”

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confidence: 99%

Immobilization of Treponema Pallidum in Vitro by Antibody Produced in Syphilitic Infection

Nelson

Mayer

Eagan³

1949

Journal of Experimental Medicine

350

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It is well established that animals and human beings infected with Treponema pallidum become resistant to reinfection with the same organism, but the mechanism of this immunity is poorly understood. One of the serious handicaps to studies on this problem has been the lack of in v#ro methods for the detection of antibody to 1". pallidum.Early reports of an in vitro spirocheticidal action of serum and spinal fluid from patients in the late stages of syphilitic infection (1-3) were based on crude qualitative tests and did not offer experimental data adequate to establish the claims made. Such findings were not confirmed by others (4, 5) and recent experiments in this laboratory (10) did not yield convincing evidence of an in ritro effect.The presence of spirocheticidal antibody in serum from syphilitic individuals has been demonstrated by animal "protection" tests (6--10), but the costly and cumbersome nature of these tests, as well as their qualitative character, renders them unsuitable for systematic investigation of the r61e and mechanism of specific humoral immunity in syphilis.Since it is now agreed that T. pallidura has not as yet been cultivated and is therefore not available in adequate amounts for the usual in vitro immunological studies, various cultivatable, non-pathogenic spirochetes have been used in agglutination and complement-fixation tests (11-25) with sera from syphilitic animals and human beings. However, a considerable proportion of presumably normal sera has been found to react with these antigens, though usually in low titre. This reactivity with normal sera, as well as the lack of a clear understanding of the relationship of these non-virulent spirochetes to pathogenic T. pallidum, renders their use as antigens in the study of humoral immunity in syphilis of dubious value.

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confidence: 99%

Immobilization of Treponema Pallidum in Vitro by Antibody Produced in Syphilitic Infection

Nelson

Mayer

Eagan³

1949

Journal of Experimental Medicine

350

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“…Apparently Kolmer, in 1913. was first to conduct Treponema pallidum agglutination (TPA) tests; Noguchi, in 1912.…”

Section: Antibody Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serologic Tests for Syphilis

Kolmer¹

1956

AMA Arch Derm

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“…) In 1913 one of us (1) first described agglutination of a pure culture of Treponema pallidum by the sera of rabbits injected with a living and heat-killed culture. 1 Normal rabbit sera were found not to agglutinate this culture in dilutions as low as 1:20 (lower dilutions were not used), while the sera of immunized animals were found capable of agglutinating the culture in dilutions as high as 1: 1,280. The agglutinating power of the sera of nineteen individuals in various stages of syphilis and of ten non-syphilitic individuals was studied in dilutions ranging from 1: 20 to 1: 640, but with negative results, due in large part, as we now believe, to the fact that lower dilutions of serum were not employed.…”

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