Concrete-based composites with the potential for effective protection against electromagnetic radiation: A literature review

Vrdoljak, Ivan; Varevac, Damir; Miličević, Ivana; Čolak, Stanko

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.126919

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…The SCMs' fineness, level of clinker replacement, water-tocementitious-materials ratio, and cement and SCM chemistry (the pozzolanic or hydraulic activity) are only a few of the variables that affect how reactive SCMs are in the cementitious system [13][14][15]. By modifying the rheological characteristics for a specific application, SCMs, such as granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) [16][17][18][19], Silica Fume (SF) [16,17,19,20], fly ash (FA) [16,17,21,22], bottom ash [21,23], copper slag [24], volcanic ash (VA) [18], and pulverized fuel ash (PFA) [18], can also increase rheological properties in addition to the mechanical properties and durability of concrete. SCMs may improve concrete characteristics primarily in two ways: by reacting with cement hydration products in the first instance and by improving particle packing efficiency in the second [13][14][15]25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Processing Methods of Low-Clinker Multi-Component Cementitious Materials—A Review

Lisowski,

Glinicki

2024

Applied Sciences

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The wide use of multi-component cement of highly reduced Portland clinker factor is largely impeded by detrimental changes in the rheological properties of concrete mixes, a substantial reduction in the early rate of cement hardening, and sometimes the insufficient strength of mature concrete. Therefore, major changes are needed in traditional concrete-production technologies if low-clinker cement is to gain wider acceptance. This review’s goal is to summarize the impacts of using non-ionizing radiation methods to improve the dispersion of concrete mix constituents, cement setting, and early hardening. The potential impacts of such interactions on the permeability and strength of concrete are also highlighted and investigated. Their intriguing potential for delivering additional energy to cementitious mixtures is analyzed for batch water, solid non-clinker constituents of cement (mainly supplementary cementitious materials), and their mixtures with aggregates. The advantages of adopting these non-traditional methods are found to be highly alluring to the greener preparation techniques used in the construction materials sector.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Processing Methods of Low-Clinker Multi-Component Cementitious Materials—A Review

Lisowski,

Glinicki

2024

Applied Sciences

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“…However, this method is effective only in the case of building large fundamental plants, such as nuclear power plants or nuclear research reactors for protection against neutron radiation. At the same time, in most cases, increasing the thickness is not an optimal and effective way, and if it is necessary to create local protection, the thickness of the protective materials can only have a negative effect, in view of the need to maintain the overall dimensions and parameters of the installations [ 14 , 15 ]. In this case, as a rule, the second protection method is used: protective material composition variation to obtain optimal characteristics with the same weight and overall dimensions and parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Effect of PbO Doping on Telluride Glass Ceramics as a Potential Material for Gamma Radiation Shielding

et al. 2023

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The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of PbO doping of multicomponent composite glass-like ceramics based on TeO2, WO3, Bi2O3, MoO3, and SiO2, which are one of the promising materials for gamma radiation shielding. According to X-ray diffraction data, it was found that the PbO dopant concentration increase from 0.10 to 0.20–0.25 mol results in the initialization of the phase transformation and structural ordering processes, which are expressed in the formation of SiO2 and PbWO4 phases, and the crystallinity degree growth. An analysis of the optical properties showed that a change in the ratio of the contributions of the amorphous and ordered fractions leads to the optical density increase and the band gap alteration, as well as a variation in the optical characteristics. During the study of the strength and mechanical properties of the synthesized ceramics, depending on the dopant concentration, it was found that when inclusions in the form of PbWO4 are formed in the structure, the strength characteristics increase by 70–80% compared to the initial data, which indicates the doping efficiency and a rise in the mechanical strength of ceramics to external influences. During evaluation of the shielding protective characteristics of the synthesized ceramics, it was revealed that the formation of PbWO4 in the structure results in a rise in the high-energy gamma ray absorption efficiency.

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“…This study explored way of improving EM shielding potential of clay composites by adding different additives which have been shown to be effective in concrete. Analysed additives are: fly ash, zinc ferrite (ZnFe2O4) and titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) [6]. The additives percentage in clay composite was 5% by mass.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Different Nanomaterial Additions in Clay-Based Composites

Vrdoljak

Milicevic

RUPČIĆ

2022

WIT Transactions on the Built Environment

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In this study, electromagnetic (EM) radiation shielding of a clay composite with three different admixtures was tested. Because of the rapid development of new modern technologies, human exposure to non-ionizing EM radiation has grown exponentially. This has aroused the interest of scientists to answer the question of how long-term exposure to EM radiation is harmful to human health. Due to potential risks to human health and an increasing number of studies that have concluded that long-term EM radiation can be harmful to health, the WHO has classified the radiofrequency band (from 300 kHz to 300 GHz) as a potential cause of cancerous diseases. The frequency span 1.5-6 GHz was tested. Admixtures used as a partial replacement in mass percentage are fly ash, titanium dioxide and zinc ferrite. The percentage replacement was 5%. The results showed the lowest transmission in specimens with titanium dioxide addition. The lowest transmission in regards to the reference sample was about −10 dB. This research was done with the aim of production of load-bearing bricks with high protection against EM radiation for the construction of healthy buildings.

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Concrete-based composites with the potential for effective protection against electromagnetic radiation: A literature review

Cited by 12 publications

References 76 publications

Novel Processing Methods of Low-Clinker Multi-Component Cementitious Materials—A Review

Novel Processing Methods of Low-Clinker Multi-Component Cementitious Materials—A Review

Investigation of the Effect of PbO Doping on Telluride Glass Ceramics as a Potential Material for Gamma Radiation Shielding

Effect of Different Nanomaterial Additions in Clay-Based Composites

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