Concurrency control in groupware systems

Ellis, Clarence A.; Gibbs, Simon

doi:10.1145/66926.66963

Cited by 492 publications

(505 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Consequently, we obtain a divergence between sites 1 and 2. It should be pointed out that even if a serialization protocol [4] was used to require that all sites execute o 1 and o 2 in the same order (i.e. a global order on concurrent operations) to obtain an identical result effece, this identical result is still inconsistent with the original intention of o 2 .…”

Section: Operational Transformation Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To maintain convergence, the Operational Transformation (OT) approach has been proposed by [4]. When a site i gets an operation o that was previously executed by a site j on his replica of the shared object, the site i does not necessarily integrate o by executing it "as is" on his replica.…”

Section: Operational Transformation Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the lack of space, we report, here, only the IT function proposed by Ellis and Gibbs [4]. In Ellis's IT function, the insert operation is extended with another parameter pr 6 .…”

Section: Inclusive Transformation Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This potentially leads to divergent (or different) replicas, an undesirable situation for collaborative editing systems. Operational Transformation (OT) is an optimistic technique which has been proposed to overcome the divergence problem [4]. This technique consists of an algorithm which transforms an update (previously executed by some other user) according to local concurrent updates in order to achieve convergence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a long established convention in OT-based collaborative editors [4,11], the timestamp vectors are used to determine the causality and concurrency relations between operations. A timestamp vector is associated with each site and each generated operation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Symbolic Model-Checking of Optimistic Replication Algorithms

Boucheneb

Imine

Najem

2010

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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Abstract. The Operational Transformation (OT) approach, used in many collaborative editors, allows a group of users to concurrently update replicas of a shared object and exchange their updates in any order. The basic idea of this approach is to transform any received update operation before its execution on a replica of the object. This transformation aims to ensure the convergence of the different replicas of the object. However, designing transformation algorithms for achieving convergence is a critical and challenging issue. In this paper, we address the verification of OT algorithms with a symbolic model-checking technique. We show how to use the difference bound matrices to explore symbolically infinite state-spaces of such systems and provide symbolic counterexamples for the convergence property.

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Section: Operational Transformation Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Operational Transformation Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the lack of space, we report, here, only the IT function proposed by Ellis and Gibbs [4]. In Ellis's IT function, the insert operation is extended with another parameter pr 6 .…”

Section: Inclusive Transformation Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Symbolic Model-Checking of Optimistic Replication Algorithms

Boucheneb

Imine

Najem

2010

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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Transaction Processing

Zhang¹,

Jia²

1999

Wiley Encyclopedia of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

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Computer‐Supported Cooperative Work

Dennis

McNamara²

2015

Wiley Encyclopedia of Management

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Computer Supported Cooperative Work, or CSCW, is a rapidly growing multi-disciplinary field. As personal workstations get more powerful and as networks get faster and wider, the stage seems to be set for using computers not only to help accomplish our everyday, personal tasks but also to help us communicate and work with others. Indeed, group activities occupy a large amount of our time: meetings, telephone calls, mail (electronic or not), but also informal encounters in corridors, coordination with secretaries, team workers or managers, etc. In fact, work is so much group work that it is surprising to see how poorly computer systems support group activities. For example, many documents (such as this book) are created by multiple authors but yet no commercial tool currently allows a group of authors to create such shared documents as easily as one can create a single-author document. We have all experienced the nightmares of multiple copies being edited in parallel, format conversion, mail and file transfers, etc.CSCW is not recent. Back in the late 1960s, Doug Engelbart created the NLS/Augment system that featured most of the functions that today's systems are trying to implement such as real-time shared editing of outlines, shared annotations of documents, and videoconferencing. The field really emerged in the 1980s and has been growing since then, boosted in the recent years by the explosion of the Internet and the World Wide Web. The Web itself is not a very collaborative system: pages can be easily published but it is impossible (or very difficult) to share them, e.g. to know when someone is reading a particular page or when a page has been modified. The range and complexity of the problems to solve to support cooperative activities is rapidly overwhelming: data sharing, concurrency control, conflict management, access control, performance, reliability, the list goes on.A large part of this book is devoted to the exploration of these problems and the state of the art of their solutions. In fact, CSCW is challenging most of the assumptions that were explicitly or implicitly embodied in the design of our current computer systems. CSCW tools, or groupware, are by nature distributed and interactive. To succeed in the marketplace, they must be safe (authentication), interoperable (from network protocols to operating systems and GUI platforms), fault-tolerant and robust (you don't want to be slowed down or loose your data if another participant in the session uses a slow connection or experiences a crash).In addition to these technical difficulties, there is another, maybe harder, problem in implementing groupware: people. For a medium to work, there must be an audience that accepts using it. Usability issues have stressed the need to take the users into account when designing, developing and evaluating an interactive software. For groupware, usability issues go beyond the now well-understood (if not always well-applied) methods from psychology and design. They involve social sciences to understand how people work...

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Concurrency control in groupware systems

Cited by 492 publications

References 8 publications

Symbolic Model-Checking of Optimistic Replication Algorithms

Symbolic Model-Checking of Optimistic Replication Algorithms

Transaction Processing

Computer‐Supported Cooperative Work

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