Concurrent magnesium and boron extraction from natural lithium brine and its optimization by response surface methodology

Yáñez-Fernández, Amanda; Inestrosa-Izurieta, M. J.; Urzúa, Julio I.

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2021.115269

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The reliability of the polynomial model equations can be evaluated by the values of

, and

. When the correlation coefficient (

) is comparatively high, it is proven that the experimental data fit well with the model [ 20 ]. Meanwhile, the interaction between the four independent variable factors can be calculated using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and when the factor

, it means that the factor is a significant parameter and has a significant effect on the model.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Design of Carbon-Based Polymer Nanocomposites Preparation Based on Response Surface Methodology

Yan

Tang

et al. 2023

Polymers

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Response surface methodology (RSM) and central composite design (CCD) were used to improve the preparation of carbon nanotube and graphene (CNT-GN)-sensing unit composite materials in this study. Four independent variable factors (CNT content, GN content, mixing time, and curing temperature) were controlled at five levels, and 30 samples were generated using the multivariate control analysis technique. On the basis of the experimental design, semi-empirical equations were developed and utilized to predict the sensitivity and compression modulus of the generated samples. The results reveal a strong correlation between the experimental and expected values of sensitivity and the compression modulus for the CNT-GN/RTV (room-temperature-vulcanized silicone rubber) polymer nanocomposites fabricated using different design strategies. The correlation coefficients for the sensitivity and compression modulus are R2 =0.9634 and R2=0.9115, respectively. The ideal preparation parameters of the composite in the experimental range include a CNT content of 1.1 g, a GN content of 1.0 g, a mixing time of 15 min, and a curing temperature of 68.6 °C, according to theoretical predictions and experimental findings. At 0~30 kPa, the CNT-GN/RTV-sensing unit composite materials may reach a sensitivity of 0.385 kPa−1 and a compressive modulus of 601.567 kPa. This provides a new idea for the preparation of flexible sensor cells and reduces the time and economic cost of experiments.

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“…The reliability of the polynomial model equations can be evaluated by the values of

, and

. When the correlation coefficient (

, it means that the factor is a significant parameter and has a significant effect on the model.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Design of Carbon-Based Polymer Nanocomposites Preparation Based on Response Surface Methodology

Yan

Tang

et al. 2023

Polymers

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“…Further processes based on adsorption, precipitation, and on ion exchange/solvent extraction processes were also presented in the literature. 16,20,21 The possibility of using CO 2 to recover lithium as a contribution to the circular economy and environmental sustainability was also addressed in the literature by several fundamental studies, which, however, have not been brought to the testing level by the proposed precipitation route with real Li-rich brines. Matsumoto 22 used a waveguide-type microwave apparatus to produce CO 2 microbubbles in an aqueous solution containing lithium ions (starting from LiNO 3 salt) to obtain lithium carbonate (Li 2 CO 3 (s)) nanoparticles.…”

Section: Overview Of Current Strategies For LI 2 Co 3 (S) Production ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Section , several precipitation approaches using Na 2 CO 3 as a precipitant agent are discussed. Further processes based on adsorption, precipitation, and on ion exchange/solvent extraction processes were also presented in the literature. ,, …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of Lithium Carbonate from Dilute Li-Rich Brine via Homogenous and Heterogeneous Precipitation

Battaglia

Berkemeyer

Cipollina

et al. 2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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An extensive experimental campaign on Li recovery from relatively dilute LiCl solutions (i.e., Li+ ∼ 4000 ppm) is presented to identify the best operating conditions for a Li2CO3 crystallization unit. Lithium is currently mainly produced via solar evaporation, purification, and precipitation from highly concentrated Li brines located in a few world areas. The process requires large surfaces and long times (18–24 months) to concentrate Li+ up to 20,000 ppm. The present work investigates two separation routes to extract Li+ from synthetic solutions, mimicking those obtained from low-content Li+ sources through selective Li+ separation and further concentration steps: (i) addition of Na2CO3 solution and (ii) addition of NaOH solution + CO2 insufflation. A Li recovery up to 80% and purities up to 99% at 80 °C and with high-ionic strength solutions was achieved employing NaOH solution + CO2 insufflation and an ethanol washing step.

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“…The key aim of this method is to identify an extractant with a low toxicity and high selectivity. Reported extractants include 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol (EHD), 2-chloro-4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)-6-methylphenol (CTMP), 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol (TMPD), 2-butyl-2-ethyl-l,3-propanediol (BEPD), N,N-bis(2,3-dihydroxypropyl) octadecylamine (BPO), 2-butyl-1-n-octanol, 2-ethylhexanol, and 1,3 diolic compounds [ 130 , 131 , 132 , 133 , 134 , 135 , 136 , 137 , 138 ]. Ayers et al (1981) [ 130 ] studied the extraction efficiency of boron with 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol (EHD) and 2-chloro-4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)-6-methylphenol (CTMP).…”

Section: Processes For Boron Removal From Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Technologies for Boron Removal from Water: A Comprehensive Review

Liu

Chen

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Boron overabundance in aquatic environment raises severe concerns about the environment and human health because it is toxic to various crops and induces many human and animal diseases with long-term consequences. In response to the boron pollution of water resources and the difficulty of eliminating boron from water for production and living purposes, this article summarizes the progress in research on boron removal technology, addressing the following aspects: (1) the reasons for the difficulty of removing boron from water (boron chemistry); (2) ecological/biological toxicity and established regulations; (3) analysis of different existing processes (membrane processes, resin, adsorption, chemical precipitation, (electric) coagulation, extraction, and combined methods) in terms of their mechanisms, effectiveness, and limitations; (4) prospects for future studies and possible improvements in applicability and recyclability. The focus of this paper is thus to provide a comprehensive summary of reported deboronation processes to date, which will definitely identify directions for the development of boron removal technology in the future.

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Concurrent magnesium and boron extraction from natural lithium brine and its optimization by response surface methodology

Cited by 12 publications

References 56 publications

Optimal Design of Carbon-Based Polymer Nanocomposites Preparation Based on Response Surface Methodology

Optimal Design of Carbon-Based Polymer Nanocomposites Preparation Based on Response Surface Methodology

Recovery of Lithium Carbonate from Dilute Li-Rich Brine via Homogenous and Heterogeneous Precipitation

Advances in Technologies for Boron Removal from Water: A Comprehensive Review

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