Concurrent photocatalytic degradation and filtration with bi‐plasmonic TiO ₂ for wastewater treatment

Abstract

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Prospects of Synthesized Magnetic TiO2-Based Membranes for Wastewater Treatment: A Review

“…In wastewater treatment settings, TiO 2 photocatalysis in practical applications is very limited due to low quantum efficiency under visible radiations as well as difficulties of being separated in suspensions [18,55,56]. To ensure that TiO 2 will work optimally without any complexity, modification becomes essential [6,54]. Filtration following photocatalytic activities is very costly and, therefore, catalyst supports can be explored.…”

“…Filtration following photocatalytic activities is very costly and, therefore, catalyst supports can be explored. Some of the supporting materials of TiO 2 reported include glass beads, fiber, glass, silica and zeolite mater [6,20,25,53,57]. Consequently, there are diverse techniques used to modify TiO 2 , where doping of pure TiO 2 with either anions or cations remain one of the most common methods for enhancing its sensitivity to visible light and lowering the rate of charge carrier recombination [20,39,53,54].…”

“…However, the fast population growth associated with urbanization, irrigated agriculture and industrialization have driven the environmental concern of wastewater and demand for fresh water globally [3,4]. This opioid epidemic, be it due to insufficient accessibility to clean water, poor water quality or waterborne diseases, has seriously threatened human lives in many underdeveloped and developing countries [4][5][6]. The result has been an upsurge of stringent environmental standards to provide clean water with high quality and sustainable waste management facilities [4][5][6][7].…”

“…This opioid epidemic, be it due to insufficient accessibility to clean water, poor water quality or waterborne diseases, has seriously threatened human lives in many underdeveloped and developing countries [4][5][6]. The result has been an upsurge of stringent environmental standards to provide clean water with high quality and sustainable waste management facilities [4][5][6][7]. In addition, conventional technologies (coagulation, flocculation, biological) are limited when it comes to complete decontamination of water containing emerging contaminants (hormones, persistent organic pollutants, antibiotics, pharmaceuticals, heavy metals, nano plastics, etc.)…”

“…In addition, conventional technologies (coagulation, flocculation, biological) are limited when it comes to complete decontamination of water containing emerging contaminants (hormones, persistent organic pollutants, antibiotics, pharmaceuticals, heavy metals, nano plastics, etc.) [6,[8][9][10], and to avoid secondary pollution problems an advanced treatment technology is required. It is therefore valuable to explore the development of advanced wastewater treatment technologies to effectively purify water in a more ecofriendly and economical routine.…”