Concurrent Precipitation of AlN and VN in Microalloyed Steel

Radis, Rene; Kozeschnik, Ernst

doi:10.1002/srin.201000037

Cited by 23 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Each of these setup parameters, thus, plays an important role in the entire calculation. Details on the simulation procedure and the theoretical concepts behind MatCalc have been previously reported (e.g., refs 10–16…”

Section: Computer Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palladium‐Catalyzed C3 or C4 Direct Arylation of Heteroaromatic Compounds with Aryl Halides by CH Bond Activation

2010

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In recent years, palladium‐catalyzed direct C2 or C5 arylation of heteroaromatic compounds with aryl halides by CH bond activation has become a popular method for generating carbon–carbon bonds. For this reaction, a wide variety of heteroaromatics, such as furans, thiophenes, pyrroles, thiazoles, oxazoles, imidazoles, pyrazoles, indoles, triazoles, or even pyridines, can be employed. C3 and C4 arylations of heteroaromatics by CH bond activation have also been described. Such reactions initially attracted much less attention than the C2 or C5 arylations due to the lower reactivity of the C3 and C4 positions. How‐ ever, in more recent years, several results from using modified and improved catalysts and reaction conditions have been reported, which permit C3 and C4 arylations in synthetically useful yields. Several intramolecular cyclizations of 2‐substituted heterocycles have been described, with formation of a CC bond on C3 resulting in the formation of five‐ to nine‐membered rings incorporating pyrroles, indoles, thiophenes, furans, isoxazoles, or pyridines. Intermolecular C3 or C4 direct arylations are still quite rare for some heteroaromatics and are in several cases not highly regioselective. For such reactions, the best results have been obtained using pyrroles, thiophenes, or furans. For selected substrates, regioselective arylation at C3 or C4 of the heteroaromatic compounds took place under appropriate reaction conditions. Only a few examples of intermolecular couplings using oxazoles, thiazoles, imidazoles, isoxazoles, pyrazoles, triazoles, or pyridines have been reported. For most of these reactions, aryl iodides or bromides have been used as coupling partners, although a few examples with aryl chlorides are also known. This method allows the synthesis of complex molecules in only a few steps, and will provide access to a very wide variety of new heteroaryl derivatives in the next years.

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Section: Computer Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palladium‐Catalyzed C3 or C4 Direct Arylation of Heteroaromatic Compounds with Aryl Halides by CH Bond Activation

2010

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“…However, at the end of the interpass time, the dislocation density is still of 1 order of magnitude higher than the equilibrium state. With the logarithm strain of 0.3 at 900 C, the dislocation density reaches 3.62×10 14 Radis et al [33], whose case shows that the predominant site of AlN is only grain boundaries and the precipitation of AlN at dislocations overrides that of V(C,N). From 47.77 s, the start of the period on the ROT, the matrix turns to be completely ferritic.…”

Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Precipitation Simulation and X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy for Hot Rolled v-Hsla Steel

Suwanpinij

Dickert

Sricharoenchai

2016

Acta Metall Slovaca

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<p class="AMSmaintext">Aiming to the process optimisation while reducing or avoiding experimental work, the work has been carried out by a physically-based thermokinetic model proven by synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The mole fraction and size distribution of different precipitate species as well as the consumption of the dissolved elements are of the main interest. The model considers the involved parameters in the hot rolling process, i.e., austenite grain size, disloca-tion density as a function of deformation, and thermal history during the process. One main advantage is that it needs no adjustable fitting values. Both grain boundary and dislocation are nucleation sites. The diffuse interface effect on the interfacial energy as well as a volumetric misfit of AlN at dislocations is also taken into account. The latter is because of its significant difference in the lattice parameter from the matrix. The X-Ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) taken advantage from the synchrotron technology has been employed for the quantification of the precipitation of vanadium as well as its fraction in the solid solution. The application of XAS is highlighted as it is superior to other conventional method and illuminates relatively large volume. With very good agreement, V(C,N) precipitates significantly due to high dislocation and is not overridden by the competing AlN. Slow cooling rate facilitates its precipitation significantly. These findings are crucial for the calculation of precipitation hardening, which must be evaluated with other strengthening mechanisms from the microstructure such as grain size, hard phase to discuss about the resulting mechanical properties.</p>

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“…The precipitation kinetics at grain boundaries is evaluated with the model developed in ref . Details on the application of the approach to problems in precipitation kinetics in steel have been reported repeatedly and the interested reader is referred to, e.g., refs …”

Section: Chemical Composition Of the Investigated Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[22] Details on the application of the approach to problems in precipitation kinetics in steel have been reported repeatedly and the interested reader is referred to, e.g., refs. [23][24][25] The main sources of experimental data for MnS precipitation are reported for three electrical steel grades, [1,7,26] where the growth and coarsening behavior of MnS during hot deformation is investigated. Prior to application of the load, each specimen was solutiontreated at 1300 8C for 30 min to dissolve the sulfides present in the as-received plates.…”

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confidence: 99%

Kinetics Simulation of MnS Precipitation in Electrical Steel

Lückl

Zamberger

Kozeschnik

2015

steel research int.

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In this work, the solid-state precipitation kinetics of manganese sulfides (MnS) particles in ferrite during continuous deformation of electrical steel is investigated. Thermokinetic simulations are carried out on basis of the software package MatCalc. The results are compared with independent experimental results from literature. The mean radius evolution of second phase MnS precipitates is numerically simulated as a function of the heat treatment parameters time and temperature. The calculated results show good agreement with the experimental measurements using a single set of simulation input parameters.

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Concurrent Precipitation of AlN and VN in Microalloyed Steel

Cited by 23 publications

References 32 publications

Palladium‐Catalyzed C3 or C4 Direct Arylation of Heteroaromatic Compounds with Aryl Halides by CH Bond Activation

Palladium‐Catalyzed C3 or C4 Direct Arylation of Heteroaromatic Compounds with Aryl Halides by CH Bond Activation

Precipitation Simulation and X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy for Hot Rolled v-Hsla Steel

Kinetics Simulation of MnS Precipitation in Electrical Steel

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