Condenser for Koehler-like illumination in transmission x-ray microscopes at undulator sources

Vogt, Ulrich; Lindblom, Magnus; Charalambous, P.; Kaulich, Burkhard; Wilhein, Thomas

doi:10.1364/ol.31.001465

Cited by 34 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The focal length is f c = 34 mm at 852 eV photon energy. The deflected radiation from each grating overlaps in the focal plane to form a homogeneous illumination profile [6] FIGURE 2: Schematic setup of the fast gateable X-ray detector. The microscope image is projected on a P46 phosphor screen and imaged by a relay optic onto an image intensifier.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A full-field transmission x-ray microscope for time-resolved imaging of magnetic nanostructures

Ewald

Wessels

Wieland

et al. 2016

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. Sub-nanosecond magnetization dynamics of small permalloy (Ni 80 Fe 20 ) elements has been investigated with a new full-field transmission microscope at the soft X-ray beamline P04 of the high brilliance synchrotron radiation source PETRA III. The soft X-ray microscope generates a flat-top illumination field of 20 μm diameter using a grating condenser. A tilted nanostructured magnetic sample can be excited by a picosecond electric current pulse via a coplanar waveguide. The transmitted light of the sample plane is directly imaged by a micro zone plate with < 65 nm resolution onto a 2D gateable Xray detector to select one particular bunch in the storage ring that probes the time evolution of the dynamic information successively via XMCD spectromicroscopy in a pump-probe scheme. In the experiments it was possible to generate a homogeneously magnetized state in patterned magnetic layers by a strong magnetic Oersted field pulse of 200 ps duration and directly observe the recovery to the initial flux-closure vortex patterns.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A full-field transmission x-ray microscope for time-resolved imaging of magnetic nanostructures

Ewald

Wessels

Wieland

et al. 2016

AIP Conference Proceedings

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show abstract

“…A grating condenser [28] consisting of 940 diffraction gratings of 25 × 25-μm 2 size and an included central stop homogeneously illuminates the sample with a flat-top profile of 20-μm diameter. The sample plane is directly imaged with a magnification of 700 onto a two-dimensional pixel detector by a micro zone plate of 80-μm diameter and an outermost zone width of 50 nm limiting the spatial resolution of the instrument to 65 nm [27] according to the Rayleigh criterion.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-resolved imaging of domain pattern destruction and recovery via nonequilibrium magnetization states

et al. 2014

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The destruction and formation of equilibrium multidomain patterns in permalloy (Ni 80 Fe 20 ) microsquares has been captured using pump-probe x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) spectromicroscopy at a new full-field magnetic transmission soft x-ray microscopy endstation with subnanosecond time resolution. The movie sequences show the dynamic magnetization response to intense Oersted field pulses of approximately 200-ps root mean square (rms) duration and the magnetization reorganization to the ground-state domain configuration. The measurements display how a vortex flux-closure magnetization distribution emerges out of a nonequilibrium uniform single-domain state. During the destruction of the initial vortex pattern, we have traced the motion of the central vortex core that is ejected out of the microsquare at high velocities exceeding 1 km/s. A reproducible recovery into a defined final vortex state with stable chirality and polarity could be achieved. Using an additional external bias field, the transient reversal of the square magnetization direction could be monitored and consistently reproduced by micromagnetic simulations.

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“…The TwinMic condenser is an unconventional beamshaping diffractive optic consisting of a number of concentrically arranged linear gratings with different line widths, producing a Koehler-type, almost homogeneous intensity distribution in the specimen plane (11). This condenser zone plate (CZP) is 1 mm in diameter and consists of 256 grating elements in 5 rings.…”

Section: Full-field Imaging (Txm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining multiple imaging techniques at the TwinMic X-ray microscopy beamline

Gianoncelli¹,

Kourousias²,

Altissimo³

et al. 2016

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. In synchrotron facilities, imaging techniques are on high demand from the scientific community. Those related to X-ray microscopy are among the most prominent ones. Such techniques include scanning transmission x-ray microscopy (STXM), full-field transmission x-ray microscopy (TXM), and coherent diffraction imaging (CDI) which have a wide spectrum of applications ranging from clinical and biomedical sciences to nanotechnology and cultural heritage. Their advancement is achieved through specialisation and focused studies, often requiring dedicated beamline end-stations. On the other hand, scientific applications benefit from the combination of techniques in a complementary manner. Beamlines suitably designed to offer multiple techniques, instead of a single one, can host efficiently such combinatorial studies. In this paper, we present the diverse Soft X-ray microscopy techniques in use at the TwinMic beamline at Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, namely, STXM combined with XRF spectroscopy, full-field TXM and Ptychography. We demonstrate the capabilities by examining two specific biological samples: U87MG cells exposed to CoFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles and a stem section of a Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) plant. These specimens are representatives of a large sample class used in a wide range of scientific studies. The results show the potential that can be achieved in terms of imaging by accessing X-ray microscopy techniques during a single beamtime access in TwinMic.

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Condenser for Koehler-like illumination in transmission x-ray microscopes at undulator sources

Cited by 34 publications

References 7 publications

A full-field transmission x-ray microscope for time-resolved imaging of magnetic nanostructures

A full-field transmission x-ray microscope for time-resolved imaging of magnetic nanostructures

Time-resolved imaging of domain pattern destruction and recovery via nonequilibrium magnetization states

Combining multiple imaging techniques at the TwinMic X-ray microscopy beamline

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