Conductivity of polyolefins filled with high‐structure carbon black

Yu, Jiao; Zhang, Liqun; Rogunova, M.; Summers, James W.; Hiltner, A.; Baer, E.

doi:10.1002/app.22238

Cited by 47 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Although the CB has a low aspect ratio, high structure CB tends to agglomerate in branched clusters (see Fig. f and i), which are beneficial in the formation of conductive pathways . Therefore, one can see in this study that the relative effectiveness of enhancement in the electrical properties of unstretched HDPE/carbon nanofiller composites is as follows: GNPs < CB < MWCNTs, at the same loading.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

Comparative study on the deformation behavior, structural evolution, and properties of biaxially stretched high‐density polyethylene/carbon nanofiller (carbon nanotubes, graphene nanoplatelets, and carbon black) composites

et al. 2017

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In this article, a comparative study of biaxial stretching at different stretching ratios for melt mixed high‐density polyethylene (HDPE)/carbon nanofiller composites containing 4 wt% multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) or carbon black (CB) was conducted in order to investigate the influence of the carbon nanofillers on the processability of the material and on its final properties after processing. It is shown that the addition of carbon nanofillers results in a significant strain hardening behavior upon biaxial stretching, greatly improving the deformation stability and thus processability of the material. The reinforcement effectiveness of the nanofillers in strain hardening behavior is CB < MWCNTs < GNPs. The GNPs exhibit the most efficient reinforcement in modulus for the stretched samples, while the CB exhibits the most efficient reinforcement in tensile strength. Biaxial deformation destroys the conductive pathways of the nanofillers due to an increased interparticle distance and the destruction of nanofiller network structure. The MWCNT‐filled composites exhibit a more robust conductive network during stretching as a result of more interlacing or entanglement of the one‐dimensional nanotubes. The oxygen permeability coefficient of the material decreases significantly with the addition of GNPs, and which can be further reduced by two orders of magnitude after biaxial deformation due to the parallel alignment of two‐dimensional GNPs in the stretching plane. This study provides important information on the selection of carbon nanofillers for the processing and design of multifunctional polymer composites. POLYM. COMPOS., 39:E909–E923, 2018. © 2017 Society of Plastics Engineers

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

Comparative study on the deformation behavior, structural evolution, and properties of biaxially stretched high‐density polyethylene/carbon nanofiller (carbon nanotubes, graphene nanoplatelets, and carbon black) composites

et al. 2017

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“…Due to the high surface tension, flocculation in a quiescent melt can be formed by dispersing the CB aggregates during processing, which promotes the formation of a conductive network (Böhm and Nguyen 1995). As demonstrated in other polymer systems, this process depends on the compatibility between CB and the matrix, which is related to the similarity of the surface tension of them (Miyasaka et al 1982;Sumita et al 1991), Polysaccharides DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-03751-6_50-1 # Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014 and the flocculation process, which relies on the viscosity of the matrix (Breuer et al 1997;Tchoudakov et al 1996;Yu et al 2005b). In Sect.…”

Section: Carbon Blackmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Nano-biocomposites Based on Starch

Xie¹,

Pollet²,

Halley³

et al. 2014

Polysaccharides

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Starch as a biopolymer directly extracted from nature has received much attention in recent years due to its strong advantages such as low cost, wide availability, renewability, and total compostability without toxic residues. Starch-based materials always display properties that are less satisfactory than those of traditional polymer materials, which can be ascribed to the inherent characteristics of starch. To make such materials to be truly competitive and to widen its applications, the development of starch-based nano-biocomposites could be a promising solution. This chapter provides the fundamental knowledge related to starch-based nano-biocomposites as well as the most recent developments in this area. Various types of nanofillers that have been used with plasticized starch are discussed such as montmorillonite, cellulose nanowhiskers, and starch nanoparticles. The preparation strategies for starch-based nano-biocomposites with these types of nanofillers and the corresponding dispersion state and related properties are also largely discussed.

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“…However, to obtain high electrical conductivity with this method, high loadings of the conductive fillers are usually required, which may result in poor mechanical properties and high cost [4][5][6][7][8]. In the literature, several processing techniques have been used to lower the percolation threshold, in which electrical conductivity of composite increases by several orders of magnitude with the formation of current conductive structures [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of microfiber reinforcement on the morphology, electrical, and mechanical properties of the polyethylene/poly(ethylene terephthalate)/carbon nanotube composites

Yeşil

Köysüren

Bayram

2010

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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In situ microfiber reinforced conductive polymer composites consisting of high-density polyethylene (HDPE), poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), and multiwalled carbon nanotube (CNT) were prepared in a twin screw extruder followed by hot stretching of PET/CNT phase in HDPE matrix. For comparison purposes, the HDPE/PET blends and HDPE/PET/CNT composites were also produced without hot stretching. Extrusion process parameters, hot-stretching speed, and CNT amount in the composites were kept constant during the experiments. Effects of PET content and molding temperature on the morphology, electrical, and mechanical properties of the composites were investigated. Morphological observations showed that PET/CNT microfibers were successfully formed in HDPE phase. Electrical conductivities of the microfibrillar composites were in semi-conductor range at 0.5 wt% CNT content. Microfiber reinforcement improved the tensile strength of the microfibrillar HDPE/PET/CNT composites in comparison to that of HDPE/PET blends and HDPE/ PET/CNT composites prepared without hot stretching POLYM. ENG. SCI., 50:2093-2105, 2010. ª 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers INTRODUCTIONRecently, there is a great interest in industry on electrically semiconductor materials with superior mechanical properties and thermal stability [1]. Especially, conductive polymer composites have received significant attention for use in various engineering applications such as sensors, antistatic coatings, electromagnetic interference shielding, and electrolytes in the fuel cells [2,3]. They are generally a synergetic combination of conductive filler and insulating polymer matrix. They exhibit a series of unique features, such as a percolation phenomenon, sensitivity to pressure, temperature and gas, improved mechanical and thermal properties.Conductive polymer composites are usually prepared by incorporating conductive fillers into polymer matrix through melt mixing either by using an extruder or an internal mixer. However, to obtain high electrical conductivity with this method, high loadings of the conductive fillers are usually required, which may result in poor mechanical properties and high cost [4][5][6][7][8]. In the literature, several processing techniques have been used to lower the percolation threshold, in which electrical conductivity of composite increases by several orders of magnitude with the formation of current conductive structures [2]. These techniques are in situ polymerization of the polymer in the presence of conductive particles [9] and selective localization of conductive filler in one of the phases or at the interface of a polymer blend composed of two polymer constituents, in which filler forms the conductive network in the dispersed phase. This phase also constitutes continuous conductive structure in the major phase, which is called as double percolation [10][11][12]. However, in situ polymerization technique is hard to apply in the industrial scale, and in the second technique the incompatible nature of the polymer constituents of th...

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Conductivity of polyolefins filled with high‐structure carbon black

Cited by 47 publications

References 14 publications

Comparative study on the deformation behavior, structural evolution, and properties of biaxially stretched high‐density polyethylene/carbon nanofiller (carbon nanotubes, graphene nanoplatelets, and carbon black) composites

Comparative study on the deformation behavior, structural evolution, and properties of biaxially stretched high‐density polyethylene/carbon nanofiller (carbon nanotubes, graphene nanoplatelets, and carbon black) composites

Advanced Nano-biocomposites Based on Starch

Effect of microfiber reinforcement on the morphology, electrical, and mechanical properties of the polyethylene/poly(ethylene terephthalate)/carbon nanotube composites

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