Conductometric Studies of Calcium Ions with Kryptofix 221 in Mixed MeOH-DMF Solvents at Different Temperatures

The association and thermodynamic association parameters for CdBr 2 were determined by the conductometric method in pure water and in a mixture of water−ethanol (0.30 mass fraction of ethanol) at different temperatures. The values of ion pair association was also calculated and found that CdBr 2 in ceftazidime drug has greater values compared to that in the absence of ceftazidime. Also, the complex formation constants and thermodynamic parameters for complex formation between CdBr 2 with ceftazidime as a ligand were also determined by the conductometric method. From the interaction of CdBr 2 with ceftazidime, two stoichiometric complexes were obtained 1:1 and 1:2. The complex K f and ΔG f are greater in the case of 1:1 than that of 1:2 (CdBr 2 / ceftazidime) complexes in 0% ethanol and in 30% ethanol solvents indicating easier complex formation. The formation constants decreased with increased temperature. The negative values of ΔG f for complexation indicate the spontaneity of the complex formation process and that the spontaneity increased with temperature. The negative values of ΔH f show the exothermic nature of the complexation and indicate that the complexation processes are more favored at low temperatures. The ΔS f values for the complexation are positive, confirming that the complex formation is entropically favorable. Significance of the study is to give a lot of data which can be easily obtained for following the very toxic heavy metal cadmium ions.

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“…The formation Gibbs free energy changes for 1:1 and 1:2 (M/L) stoichiometry complexes (Δ G f ) were calculated − using eq …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conductometric Association Parameters for CdBr₂in the Presence and Absence of Ceftazidime in Water and 30% Ethanol–Water Mixtures

et al. 2021

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“…Some reactions go through bond breaking, indicating irreversible reaction. For quasi reversible reactions, peak currents not exact proportional [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] to .…”

Section: Electro Chemical Behavior Redox Processes For Cubr 2 At Glasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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et al. 2019

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The redox mechanisms were examined for Copper bromide in the absence and presence of (LC) using cyclic voltammetry. The mechanisms of reduction and oxidation were examined while using new glassy carbon electrode prepared in laboratory from pure carbon piece jointed with copper wire and isolated by heat shrink polymer to avoid contact with solutions. In order to explain the type of the used reaction in electrochemical study, the complexation stability constants and Gibbs free energies of complex formation obtained from the interaction of CuBr 2 with (LC) were obtained from the experimental part and their values were discussed. The prepared galssy carbon electrode was polished with Al 2 O 3 and put in a woolen clear piece, washed and used for cyclic voltammetry measurements.

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“…The solubility of nano zinc oxide and nano zinc oxide doped were measured by tacking 1 ml of each saturated solution putting in a small weighed beaker (10 ml) and evaporated under I.R. lamp till dryness [20,[30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] and then weighed with average error in weight about 0.0001 g [20,[30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44].…”

Section: Preparation Of Saturated Solution and Solubility Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic Parameters for Solvation of Nano ZNO and Its Dopes In 50% DMSO - 50% DMF (V/V) Solutions at Different Temperatures

et al. 2014

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The molal solubility for nano zinc oxide (ZnO) , copper (2%) doped ZnO , Fe(2%) doped ZnO , Ti(2%) doped ZnO , Ag (25) doped ZnO in 50%DMF and 50% DMSO, (v/v), volume to volume were measured at 293.15, 303.15 , 313.15, 323.15K . The thermodynamic parameters, Gibbs free energy of solvation, enthalpies and entropies of solvation were evaluated for nano zinc oxide and nano zinc oxide doped from the solubility measurements. These thermodynamic parameters explain the effect of doping elements on the thermodynamic behviours of nano zinc oxide in solvation process. Contribution/ OriginalityThis paper uses the thermodynamic parameters for discussing the solubility behaviour because few studies is finding for nano particles solvation explanation.Optical, electrical and mechanical properties, which results with their quantum confinement effects compared with their bulk counter parts. Among various nano semiconductor, zinc oxide (ZnO) nano particles are the most frequently studied [3]. Normal ZnO has band gap of 3.37 ev and high binding energy [1,2] and high exciting binding energy 60 eV [3] Application uses of nano ZnO include solar energy [3], varistors [4], luminescence [5]., photo-catalysis [6],electrostatic coating [7], transparent protection films [8] and chemical sensors [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. In particular, zinc oxide has other applications such as gas sensors, blue lasers, short-wavelength light-emitting devices. ZnO belongs to a group of metal oxides that are characterized by their photo-catalytic and photo-oxidizing ability against chemical and Biological species [16][17][18].

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Conductometric Studies of Calcium Ions with Kryptofix 221 in Mixed MeOH-DMF Solvents at Different Temperatures

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

Conductometric Association Parameters for CdBr₂in the Presence and Absence of Ceftazidime in Water and 30% Ethanol–Water Mixtures

Conductometric Association Parameters for CdBr₂in the Presence and Absence of Ceftazidime in Water and 30% Ethanol–Water Mixtures

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Thermodynamic Parameters for Solvation of Nano ZNO and Its Dopes In 50% DMSO - 50% DMF (V/V) Solutions at Different Temperatures

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Conductometric Studies of Calcium Ions with Kryptofix 221 in Mixed MeOH-DMF Solvents at Different Temperatures

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

Conductometric Association Parameters for CdBr2in the Presence and Absence of Ceftazidime in Water and 30% Ethanol–Water Mixtures

Conductometric Association Parameters for CdBr2in the Presence and Absence of Ceftazidime in Water and 30% Ethanol–Water Mixtures

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Thermodynamic Parameters for Solvation of Nano ZNO and Its Dopes In 50% DMSO - 50% DMF (V/V) Solutions at Different Temperatures

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Conductometric Association Parameters for CdBr₂in the Presence and Absence of Ceftazidime in Water and 30% Ethanol–Water Mixtures

Conductometric Association Parameters for CdBr₂in the Presence and Absence of Ceftazidime in Water and 30% Ethanol–Water Mixtures