Cone-Beam Computed Tomographic Evaluation of Pneumatized Articular Eminence and Roof of Glenoid Fossa in North-East Indian Population

Abstract

Background: Pneumatized articular eminence (PAT) and roof of the glenoid fossa (PRGF) are recognized when accessory air cells are found within the zygomatic process of the temporal bone. Pneumatization in this region facilitates the spread of tumors and fractures. During Zygomatic implant placement and TMJ surgical procedures, namely eminectomy and miniplate insertions, various complications might arise due to pneumatized PAT and PRGF. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) provides reliable and accurate information to determine the characteristics, the extent of pneumatization, and its relationship to the adjacent structures. So, recognizing the variations of PAT and PRGF in different populations is of clinical importance. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of pneumatization of articular tubercle (PAT) and pneumatization of PRGF in the North- East Indian population by using CBCT. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out among 500 patients. The prevalence and significance of differences among the variables were carried out by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Chi-square test. Data were analyzed by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software program, version 21 (IBM). Results: The mean age with pneumatization was 45.27 ± 18.00 years. The prevalence of PAT and PRGF was found to be 24.6% and 24.4%, respectively. Bilateral PAT was detected in (6%) patients. The occurrence of unilateral PAT cases was found to be more than bilateral PAT cases (<0.042). Conclusion: There is a greater prevalence of PAT and PRGF in the North- East Indian population when compared to other similar studies in the literature.