Configuração acústico-articulatória das vogais de mulheres com nódulos vocais e vocalmente saudáveis

Abstract

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar a configuração acústico-articulatória das vogais em mulheres com nódulos vocais e vocalmente saudáveis. Método Participaram do estudo 12 mulheres com nódulos vocais (GE) e 12 vocalmente saudáveis (GC). Todas as mulheres gravaram frases-veículo com as vogais /a/, /i/ e /u/ em posição tônica, sucedidas e precedidas da oclusiva /p/: “Digo papa baixinho”, “Digo pipa baixinho” e “Digo pupa baixinho”. Posteriormente, foram extraídos os três primeiros formantes (F1, F2 e F3) dessas vogais. Resultados Observou-se diferença nas medidas de F1 para as vogais /a/ e /u/ e F2 para a vogal /a/ entre os dois grupos estudados. Mulheres com nódulos vocais apresentam menor valor dessas medidas em relação às mulheres vocalmente saudáveis. Pacientes com nódulos vocais apresentaram menor intervalo nos valores de F1 e F2 entre as vogais /a/, /i/ e /u/ em relação às mulheres vocalmente saudáveis. Conclusão Mulheres com nódulos vocais apresentam menores valores de F1 e F2, e menor amplitude de movimentação dos articuladores na produção vocálica em relação às mulheres vocalmente saudáveis.

Auditory-perceptual and acoustic measures in women with and without vocal nodules

“…The dissemination of studies on voice assessment parameters led to the investigation of different voice signal pick-up measures (7)(8)(9)21) . Insights based on the source-filter theory (in combination with nonlinear theories) and objective and subjective human measures lead to and assure the diagnosis and consequently the clinical voice intervention.…”

“…Differences found in formant measure values between the groups in this study may reinforce a bidirectional relationship between supraglottal and glottal adjustments. The inferred difference in tongue position between the groups suggests that the position and amplitude of movement of vocal tract articulators may be changed during speech in individuals with voice disorders (6,8) .…”

“…The acoustic analysis provides visual and normative data on the glottal source and voice filter (6,8) . Some acoustic measures furnish quantitative data on the glottal source -e.g., the fundamental frequency (f0), defined by the number of vibrations per second produced by the vocal folds; jitter, the short-term variation in the fundamental frequency; shimmer, which indicates the shortterm amplitude variability of the wave sound; glottal-to-noise excitation (GNE), which verifies the additional noise in the voice signal; and cepstral peak prominence-smoothed (CPPS), which determines the f0 and estimates the aperiodicity and/or additional noise in the voice signal (4,5,7) .…”

“…The literature has demonstrated that voice disorders may manifest in various ways in the glottal source and filter (vocal tract), due to the constant interaction between the respiratory, phonatory, and resonant subsystems (7,8,10,11) . Thus, knowing investigative measures regarding the vocal tract can indicate new paths in voice diagnosis and rehabilitation.…”

“…The first formant (F1) is related to the oromandibular complex; as the oral cavity opens, the F1 frequency decreases. The second formant (F2) is related to the degree of vowel anteriorization -i.e., the extent to which the pharynx is free based on tongue position; the more the tongue is anteriorized, the greater the F2 frequency (8,13,14) .…”