“…The research results of Lightfoot, et al [26], show that the widespread application of information and communication technologies (ICTs) accelerates the integration of the manufacturing and service industries. In addition, a growing number of technical studies have also focused on service-oriented manufacturing in terms of system designs [1,27], supply chain management [6,8], key technologies [28,29], pricing strategies [30,31], outsourcing of maintenance services [3,5], customer impact [4,32], etc. However, there are few quantitative analyses of service-oriented manufacturing.…”