Confirmation of structure of the flavonol glucoside tambuletin

Context:Zanthoxylum armatum (Rutaceae) fruit, bark and leaves are used for various conditions of ailments in traditional systems of medicine since ancient times.Aims:This study is designed to lay down the various pharmacognostic and phytochemical standards which will be helpful to ensure the purity, safety, and efficacy of this medicinal plant.Materials and Methods:Various methods including macroscopic, microscopic, physicochemical, and phytochemical methods were applied to determine the diagnostic features for the identification and standardization of intact and powdered drug of Z. armatum leaf, fruit, and bark.Results:The shape, size, color, odor, surface characteristics were determined for the intact drug and powdered materials of leaf, bark and fruit of Z. armatum. Light and electron microscope images of cross-section of leaf and powdered microscopy revealed useful diagnostic features. Histochemical, phytochemical, physicochemical including fluorescence analysis of powdered drug proved useful to differentiate the powdered drug material. High performance liquid chromatography analysis showed the presence of important phytoconstituents such as gallic acid and rutin.Conclusion:The data generated from this study would be of help in the authentication of various parts of Z. armatum, an important constituent of various herbal drug formulations. The qualitative and quantitative microscopic features would prove useful for laying down pharmacopoeial standards. Morphology as well as various pharmacognostic aspects of different parts of the plant were studied and have been described here along with phytochemical, physicochemical studies, which will help in authentication and quality control.

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“…[7] Various species of Zanthoxylum genus possess antimicrobial, larvicidal and cytotoxic activity. [101112131415]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacognostic study and development of quality control parameters for fruit, bark and leaf of Zanthoxylum armatum (Rutaceae)

Alam

Saqib

2015

Ancient Sci Life

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“…Previous phytochemical examinations of Z. planispinum have afforded lignans, amides, as well as alkaloids, which are responsible for its pharmacological activities . Thus, the goal of this study is the comprehensive and preparative isolation of bioactive components from Z. planispinum .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The bark is pungent, and sticks prepared from it are used for preventing toothache . Previous phytochemical examinations of Z. planispinum have afforded lignans, amides, as well as alkaloids, which are responsible for its pharmacological activities . However, due to the similar chemical structure and broad polarity range, traditional purification procedures always suffer from tedious, time‐consuming sample pretreatment, and multiple chromatographic steps.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparative separation of bioactive constitutes from Zanthoxylum planispinum using linear gradient counter‐current chromatography

Zhang

Cheng

2015

J of Separation Science

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Counter-current chromatography is a chromatographic technique with a support-free liquid stationary phase. In the present study, a successful application of linear gradient counter-current chromatographic method for preparative isolation of bioactive components from the crude ethanol extract of Zanthoxylum planispinum was presented. The application of n-hexane/ethyl acetate/methanol/water quaternary solvents, in terms of "HEMWat" or "Arizona" solvent families, in gradient elution mode was evaluated. Results indicated that slightly proportional changes of biphasic liquid systems provided the possibility of gradient elution in counter-current chromatography, maintaining stationary phase retention in the column. With the selected quaternary solvent systems composed of n-hexane/ethyl acetate/methanol/water (2:1:2:1 and 3:2:3:2, v/v), and optimized gradient programs, in total seven fractions were separated in 4.5 h. Most of the purified compounds could be obtained at the milligram level with over 80% purity. The present study indicated that the linear gradient counter-current chromatographic approach possessed unique advantages in terms of separation efficiency, exhibiting great potential for the comprehensive separation of complex natural extracts.

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“…4 Various species of Zanthoxylum genus possess antimicrobial, larvicidal and cytotoxic activity. 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 The different classes of chemical constituents reported from Z. armatum include terpenes, sterols, flavonoids, alkaloids and coumarins. 2 , 9 , 10 , 11 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Zanthoxylum armatum Roxb for in vitro biological activities

Alam

Saqib

2017

Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine

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Zanthoxylum armatum fruits are used traditionally as a spice in various food preparations. The aim of this study was analysis of antimicrobial, cytotoxic, phytotoxic, insecticidal, and anti-leishmanial activity. The crude extract showed 86 ± 10% antifungal activity (Agar tube dilution method) against Trichophyton longifusis while n-hexane, chloroform, and aqueous-methanol fractions inhibited this pathogen by 90 ± 7, 85 ± 10 and 70 ± 9% respectively. The n-hexane and aqueous-methanol fraction also, respectively, showed 40 ± 10 and 87 ± 9% inhibition of Microsporum canis. Chloroform fraction also displayed antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus (60 ± 10%) and aqueous-methanol fraction against F. solani (40 ± 8%). The crude ethanolic extract and its chloroform and aqueous-methanol fraction exhibited significant toxicity (Brine shrimps lethality assay) against brine shrimps having LC50 value of 6.66 ± 1.1, 21.4 ± 3.3 and 29.6 ± 3.9 μg/ml, respectively. The crude ethanolic extract and its n-hexane soluble portion exhibited good anti-leishmanial activity (well serial dilution method) each having IC50 values of 50 ± 5 μg/ml. The crude extract and various fractions possessed excellent herbicidal activity (Lemna minor assay), and caused more than 90% inhibition of the plant growth at 1000 μg/mL. The ethanolic extract, n-hexane and chloroform soluble portions caused 90% mortality in insecticidal activity (direct contact method) of Rhyzopertha dominica. The ethanolic extract and its n-hexane soluble portion, respectively, caused 80 and 90% mortality of Callosobruchus analis. The present study showed that the tested fruit extracts of Z. armatum exhibited strong antifungal, cytotoxic, phytotoxic, insecticidal, and anti-leishmanial effects.

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Confirmation of structure of the flavonol glucoside tambuletin

Cited by 18 publications

References 5 publications

Pharmacognostic study and development of quality control parameters for fruit, bark and leaf of Zanthoxylum armatum (Rutaceae)

Pharmacognostic study and development of quality control parameters for fruit, bark and leaf of Zanthoxylum armatum (Rutaceae)

Preparative separation of bioactive constitutes from Zanthoxylum planispinum using linear gradient counter‐current chromatography

Evaluation of Zanthoxylum armatum Roxb for in vitro biological activities

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