Pharmacognostic study and development of quality control parameters for fruit, bark and leaf of Zanthoxylum armatum (Rutaceae)

Abstract

Context:Zanthoxylum armatum (Rutaceae) fruit, bark and leaves are used for various conditions of ailments in traditional systems of medicine since ancient times.Aims:This study is designed to lay down the various pharmacognostic and phytochemical standards which will be helpful to ensure the purity, safety, and efficacy of this medicinal plant.Materials and Methods:Various methods including macroscopic, microscopic, physicochemical, and phytochemical methods were applied to determine the diagnostic features for the identification and standardization of intact and powdered drug of Z. armatum leaf, fruit, and bark.Results:The shape, size, color, odor, surface characteristics were determined for the intact drug and powdered materials of leaf, bark and fruit of Z. armatum. Light and electron microscope images of cross-section of leaf and powdered microscopy revealed useful diagnostic features. Histochemical, phytochemical, physicochemical including fluorescence analysis of powdered drug proved useful to differentiate the powdered drug material. High performance liquid chromatography analysis showed the presence of important phytoconstituents such as gallic acid and rutin.Conclusion:The data generated from this study would be of help in the authentication of various parts of Z. armatum, an important constituent of various herbal drug formulations. The qualitative and quantitative microscopic features would prove useful for laying down pharmacopoeial standards. Morphology as well as various pharmacognostic aspects of different parts of the plant were studied and have been described here along with phytochemical, physicochemical studies, which will help in authentication and quality control.

Facile green synthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles using aqueous leaf extract of Zanthoxylum armatum DC. for efficient adsorption of methylene blue

“…A possible formation mechanism of Fe 3 O 4 NPs by using aqueous leaf extract of Zanthoxylum armatum DC. is presented in Figure 7 [28]. Moreover, the FTIR results also (Figure 2) supported the presence of carboxylic group in aqueous leaf extract and C=O of carboxylic group (gallic acid) in leaf extract form complex with Fe 3+ and Fe 2+ .…”

Quality Control Of Crude Drugs And Capsules Of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.)

“…Hence, loss on drying of a crude drug is directly related to its stability and consequently with its shelf life. The lower the moisture content, the higher will be the stability of that drug and chance of microbial growth will be less and vice versa (Alam and Saqib, 2015). The loss of drying of turmeric sample was 6.89%.…”

Evaluation of the Optimum Harvesting Maturity of Makhwaen Fruit for the Perfumery Industry

“…However, in some species of Zanthoxylum, such as Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim. [1] and Z. armatum [33], the colour of the fruits is clear when fruits are over mature.…”