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Background: Indonesia with its widely varied geographical features is rich with knowledge and practice in the utilization of plants for maintaining health and treating diseases, including for diabetes mellitus. This review summarizes the result of ethnopharmacological studies mentioning the application of plants to treat diabetes mellitus conducted in Indonesia. Methods:The online literature search using Google Scholar (https://scholar.google.com/) was carried out to collect data on the use of plants for traditional treatment of diabetes mellitus from ethnobotanical studies in Indonesia published in 2014-2018. Results:The traditional medicinal plants listed in this article are compiled from 67 studies conducted in 18 provinces and 37 defined ethnicities. There are 132 species of antidiabetic plants from 53 families reported. The most popular plants with multiple uses in different places include Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq., Persea americana Mill., and Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp. Leaves, decoction, and oral were found to be the most frequently used plant parts, preparation method, and administration route of those antidiabetic plants, respectively.Conclusions: Indonesia has a large number of traditional antidiabetic plants that are potentially developed further into standardized herbal medicines to enable their uses in formal healthcare systems.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of Environmental Responsibility (ER) and Green Innovation on firm value. Based on stakeholder theory and Resource-Based View (RBV) this study views that Environmental Responsibility (ER) and Green Innovation (GI) are expected to positively affect firm value because they help companies achieve competitive advantage and contribute to sustainable development activities. This study uses a PooledLeast Square (PLS) regression test based on panel data collected from 399 annual reports, sustainability reports from Public Energy and Mining companies listed in ASEAN-5 between 2017 and 2019. The results of the study found that energy and mining companies were proven to increase firm value through the practice of environmental responsibility and green innovation. This research has implications for the community as consumers, it can be taken into consideration to be able to choose which company is responsible for the environment Managers, and other decision makers may need to have a better understanding of the company's behavior in adopting Environmental Responsibility activities and environmentally friendly practices to make the right decisions. Then the government as a regulator can carry out further supervision of companies, especially companies Energy and Mining are in utilizing resources efficiently.

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The antimicrobial activity of lemon basil (Ocimum × africanum Lour.) has been described. This activity can be elaborated further and possibly applied for natural foods preservative. In this study, the constituents of lemon basil essential oil were analysed, and its preservation potential on the tofu was evaluated. The essential oil was distilled from dried plant materials using a steam and water distillation process. The constituents of essential oil of lemon basil were analysed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) technique. Its application for preservation of tofu was evaluated based on its capacity in inhibiting the growth of bacteria on the tofu as well as the physical observation of the tofu during ten days of preservation at room temperature. The lemon basil essential oil constituted of 21 constituents, with a high fraction of oxygenated compounds, including neral and geranial, were detected. Lemon basil essential oil at an optimum concentration of 3.125 mg/ml inhibited the bacterial growth on the tofu during storage and improved its shelf life up to 4 days.