Conflict in the animal world

Huntingford, Felicity A.; Turner, Angela

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-3145-9_1

Cited by 52 publications

(67 citation statements)

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“…in birds and mammals, males are typically larger). Moreover, inter-specific interactions such as interference competition which vary in their strength as a function of body size (Huntingford and Turner 1987) will affect males differently from females. Consequently, even direct inter-specific effects should differ by gender.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inter-specific competitors reduce inter-gender competition in Negev Desert gerbils

et al. 2004

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We examined gender-dependent competitive interactions between two nocturnal desert gerbil species, Gerbillus andersoni allenbyi and G. pyramidum, by a field manipulation experiment. The study was done in two 1-ha enclosed plots and included allopatric (only G. a. allenbyi) and sympatric (both species together) treatments. Seed trays and thermal imaging cameras were used to observe the gerbils' foraging activities and aggressive interactions. We found that the negative effect of the competitively dominant species, G. pyramidum, on time spent in seed trays, and ability to control these artificial food patches, was stronger on male than on female G. a. allenbyi. Consequently, the aggression of male G. a. allenbyi towards female G. a. allenbyi was markedly reduced, indicating that the dominant species mediated competition between the genders of the subordinate species. Furthermore, this interference-mediated indirect effect was associated with a decrease in the body mass of male G. a. allenbyi and an increase in the survival of female G. a. allenbyi. We suggest that both the reduction in intra-specific aggression and the positive effect on female survival can potentially stabilize competitive interactions and promote coexistence in this small mammal community.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inter-specific competitors reduce inter-gender competition in Negev Desert gerbils

et al. 2004

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“…Oscars (cichlid fish, Astronotus ocellatus) chase and bite fish that are smaller than them, but avoid larger opponents (Beeching 1992). As a consequence of this kind of effect, fights between evenly matched fish are commonly longer and fiercer than those where there is a clear size difference between potential opponents (Huntingford & Turner 1987).…”

Section: Cues About the Relative Condition Of Potential Opponentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fighting and Aggression

Damsgård¹,

Huntingford²

2012

Aquaculture and Behavior

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Aggression (behaviour that actually or potentially causes harm to another animal) is widespread among fishes, often taking the form of territoriality or dominance. The mechanisms that control aggression in fish are described, including the effects of stimuli from opponents, the importance of the context in which an aggressive encounter occurs and the effects of nutritional condition, endocrine status and brain biochemistry. The way aggression changes during development is then considered, evidence given for inherited differences in aggressiveness and an account presented of the environmental factors that influence the way aggression develops. The benefits that fish gain from winning fights, the costs that they incur from fighting and how they balance costs against benefits to promote their individual fitness are described. Data are then given on the incidence of aggression among cultured fish, on some resulting problems for production, welfare and environmental protection and on the effects of domestication and captive rearing of aggressiveness. Possible solutions to such problems are discussed, based on selecting appropriate fish for culture and the design of husbandry systems that minimise aggression. Finally, some systems for mitigating the effects of domestication and captive rearing on the aggressive behaviour of cultured fish are described.

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“…Violent individuals are those who engage in intense, and incessant patterns of aggression that fundamentally differ from the adaptive patterns of "instrumental aggression" displayed by various animal species typically used in studies on aggression (Huntingford and Turner 1987;Berkowitz 1993). However, under specific conditions, laboratory animals can be aroused to engage in very high levels of aggression, a pattern of behavior with certain parallels to that of violent individuals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%