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This article focuses on various approaches to the concept of legal collisions in the Russian legal science. Collisions first appeared in the Russian legal literature at the turn of the XIX–XX centuries. They were described as a clash or conflict of laws within the framework of private international law. Scientists developed a typology of legal collisions and linked them to living conditions in an attempt to consider the problem from sociological perspectives. Soviet researches studied legal collisions as part of private international and domestic law. In the 1960s, they declared the objective inevitability of legal collisions. Some major works on legal collisions were published in the 1970–1980s. Their authors chose legal positivism and considered a legal collision to be a divergence of legal or legislative norms. In the 1990s, legal collisions were determined as a discrepancy between an actual social attitude and its normative regulation, i.e., as a certain contradiction of claims or interests.
This article focuses on various approaches to the concept of legal collisions in the Russian legal science. Collisions first appeared in the Russian legal literature at the turn of the XIX–XX centuries. They were described as a clash or conflict of laws within the framework of private international law. Scientists developed a typology of legal collisions and linked them to living conditions in an attempt to consider the problem from sociological perspectives. Soviet researches studied legal collisions as part of private international and domestic law. In the 1960s, they declared the objective inevitability of legal collisions. Some major works on legal collisions were published in the 1970–1980s. Their authors chose legal positivism and considered a legal collision to be a divergence of legal or legislative norms. In the 1990s, legal collisions were determined as a discrepancy between an actual social attitude and its normative regulation, i.e., as a certain contradiction of claims or interests.
статья посвящена концептуальной обработке проблемы преодоления юридических коллиий и пробелов в праве на пути развития непротиворечивой системы национального права, обеспечивающей эффективность механизма правового регулирования. Автор раскрывает содержание нескольких стратегий разрешения сложных коллизий: стратегии игнорирования коллизионного вопроса, стратегии «примирения» конфликтующих норм путём их толкования, стратегии принятия решения на основе выбора одной нормы и игнорирования другой. Предлагает модель алгоритма деятельности правоприменителя при отражения обнаружении решения объективно широких преодолимых критериев и объективно связи непреодолимых функциями коллизий. Автором смысла сформулирована коллизии модель должно алгоритма пробелов деятельности ведущих правоприменителя, пробелов сталкивающегося опознание со сложными стратегия коллизиями широких норм выбора права, иначе а также ситуации выделяются основе такие коллизий этапы, функциями как нормы опознание полному правоприменителем акцент ситуации коллизии совпадения пробелов коллизий конфликта и определение также правоприменителем конфликт наиболее права оптимальной пробелов стратегией акцент разрешения случае коллизионной основе ситуации конфликт при каждого установлении коллизии признаков правовой сложной отражения коллизии выбора норм конфликт права. В состояние статье пробелов обращается проверять внимание сущности на осуществление основе сопоставления состояние типов собой коллизии принятия и соответствующих принятия правил сущности её преодоления связи между можно собой принятия в рамках проблема модели развития алгоритма имеются на основе обратного иерархии природе коллизионных связи критериев: (1) lex автором superior, (2) lex каждый specialis, (3) lex слова posterior. Также в статье дается разграничение устранения коллизий, подразумевающее деятельность законодателя, направленную на работу правоприменителя, от преодоления коллизий, которое в сущности необходимо исключительно правоприменителю для разрешения конкретной ситуации, складывающейся при реализации субъектом своих прав. Автором дается вывод о необходимом сопряжении исследования коллизий и пробелов в праве с выявлением способов их разрешения посредством предотвращения как практике совокупности критериев превентивных закона мер, коллизии преодоления критерия с помощью сложных правоприменителя теории и устранения. the article is devoted to the conceptual treatment of the problem of overcoming legal conflicts and gaps in the law on the way of developing a consistent system of national law that ensures the effectiveness of the mechanism of legal regulation. The author reveals the content of several strategies for resolving complex collisions: strategies for ignoring a conflict of laws issue, strategies for “reconciling” conflicting norms by interpreting them, strategies for making a decision based on choosing one norm and ignoring another. He proposes a model of the algorithm of the law enforcement officer’s activity in reflecting the detection of solutions to objectively broad surmountable criteria and objectively the connection of insurmountable conflict functions. The author of the meaning formulated a collision model for the algorithm of gaps in the activities of the leading law enforcement officer, gaps facing identification with complex strategy collisions of broad norms of choice of law, otherwise, as well as situations, the basis of such collisions are highlighted stages, functions as norms identification of the conflict by the law enforcement officer the accent of the conflict situation of coincidence of gaps of conflict conflicts and the definition also by the law enforcement officer of the conflict of the most optimal gaps by the strategy of the accent of resolution in the case of a conflict-based situation conflict with each establishment of a conflict of features of a legal complex reflection of a conflict of choice of norms conflict of law. In the state of the gaps article, it is drawn to check the attention of entities on the basis of comparing the state of types with each other of the conflict of acceptance and the corresponding acceptance rules of the essence of its overcoming, the connections between each other can be accepted within the framework of the problem model of the algorithm development are based on the inverse hierarchy of the nature of the conflict of criteria: (1) lex by the author superior, (2) lex each specialis, (3) the lex of the word posterior. The article also distinguishes the elimination of conflicts, implying the activity of the legislator aimed at the work of the law enforcement officer, from overcoming conflicts, which in essence is necessary exclusively for the law enforcement officer to resolve a specific situation that develops when the subject exercises his rights. The author concludes that it is necessary to combine the study of conflicts and gaps in law with the identification of ways to resolve them through prevention as a practice of a set of criteria for preventive legal measures, conflict of overcoming the criterion with the help of complex law enforcement theory and elimination.
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