2018
DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.029600
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Confocal microscopy with a radially polarized focused beam

Abstract: Rigorous vectorial focusing theory is used to study the imaging of small adjacent particles with a confocal laser scanning system. We consider radially polarized illumination with an optimized amplitude distribution and an annular lens to obtain a narrower distribution of the longitudinal component of the field in focus. A polarization convertor at the detector side is added to transform radial polarization to linear polarization in order to make the signal detectable with a single mode fiber.

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Cited by 27 publications
(11 citation statements)
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“…The small sphere with a radius a, which should be smaller than the trapping wavelength can be regarded as an electric dipole. The dipole moment is p = αE [40][41][42][43], where α is the electric polarizability given by…”
Section: Optical Torque Of Particles In Focused Cvv Fieldsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The small sphere with a radius a, which should be smaller than the trapping wavelength can be regarded as an electric dipole. The dipole moment is p = αE [40][41][42][43], where α is the electric polarizability given by…”
Section: Optical Torque Of Particles In Focused Cvv Fieldsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This feature of RP beam enables it to generate a smaller focusing spot than linearly polarized or circularly polarized light. Therefore, the tightly focused RP beam can be widely used in microscopic imaging [34], optical trapping [35], and laser machining [36]. How to completely characterize this kind of light field is crucial to developing these applications.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is proposed that vectorial-field-modulated light is effective in generating a focal spot with an FWHM beyond the diffraction limit [17][18][19][20][21], which can be implemented into a confocal laser scanning microscopic (CLSM) configuration to achieve label-free superresolution imaging [22][23][24][25][26] and storage [27,28]. While researchers endeavor to narrow the focal spot, a fundamental question remains if the light may be blocked from entering the nanostructures medium no matter how small the interacting light field is, as the optical properties rather than the actual morphology of complex photonics or plasmonic structures do really support the concentrated excitations.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%