Congenital cytomegalovirus infection in newborn infants of mothers infected before pregnancy.

Schopfer, K; Lauber, E.; Krech, U

doi:10.1136/adc.53.7.536

Cited by 164 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…However, the first convincing evidence of the possible transmission of HCMV from immune mothers to the fetus came from a prospective study showing that 10 congenitally infected infants were born to immune mothers within a group of 541 infants of women who were seropositive before pregnancy (261), with a prevalence of 1.9%. Subsequently, similar findings were observed in a geographic area where nearly the entire population was immune to HCMV during childhood, and the prevalence of congenital infection was found to be 1.4% (237).…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Vertical Hcmv Transmissionsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…Due to latency following primary infection and periodic reactivation of HCMV replication causing recurrent infections, in utero transmission of HCMV may follow either primary or recurrent infections (4,75,237,261,264). It is commonly recognized that primary HCMV infections are transmitted more frequently to the fetus and are more likely to cause fetal damage than recurrent infections (75).…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Vertical Hcmv Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnosis and Management of Human Cytomegalovirus Infection in the Mother, Fetus, and Newborn Infant

2002

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Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the leading cause of congenital viral infection and mental retardation. HCMV infection, while causing asymptomatic infections in most immunocompetent subjects, can be transmitted during pregnancy from the mother with primary (and also recurrent) infection to the fetus. Hence, careful diagnosis of primary infection is required in the pregnant woman based on the most sensitive serologic assays (immunoglobulin M [IgM] and IgG avidity assays) and conventional virologic and molecular procedures for virus detection in blood. Maternal prognostic markers of fetal infection are still under investigation. If primary infection is diagnosed in a timely manner, prenatal diagnosis can be offered, including the search for virus and virus components in fetal blood and amniotic fluid, with fetal prognostic markers of HCMV disease still to be defined. However, the final step for definite diagnosis of congenital HCMV infection is detection of virus in the blood or urine in the first 1 to 2 weeks of life. To date, treatment of congenital infection with antiviral drugs is only palliative both prior to and after birth, whereas the only efficacious preventive measure seems to be the development of a safe and immunogenic vaccine, including recombinant, subunit, DNA, and peptide-based vaccines now under investigation. The following controversial issues are discussed in the light of the most recent advances in the field: the actual perception of the problem; universal serologic screening before pregnancy; the impact of correct counseling on decision making by the couple involved; the role of prenatal diagnosis in ascertaining transmission of virus to the fetus; the impact of preconceptional and periconceptional infections on the prevalence of congenital infection; and the prevalence of congenitally infected babies born to mothers who were immune prior to pregnancy compared to the number born to mothers undergoing primary infection during pregnancy

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Section: Epidemiology Of Vertical Hcmv Transmissionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Epidemiology Of Vertical Hcmv Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and Management of Human Cytomegalovirus Infection in the Mother, Fetus, and Newborn Infant

2002

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“…This finding is not surprising since IgM is only transiently positive after an acute CMV infection and CMV also can be transmitted from mother to infant when a latent infection reactivates during pregnancy, often without production of IgM anti-CMV. 10,[26][27][28] If testing CB donors for evidence of CMV infection remains mandated by the FDA, despite its low prevalence in newborns and despite the fact that traditional serologic screening methods are not very informative in CB, a practical strategy to detect the virus would be needed that takes into account specificity and sensitivity as well as cost and logistics. Although CMV culture of the infant's saliva or urine is considered the "gold standard" for detecting congenital CMV infection, it requires collection of a specimen that is separate from the CB product, thereby increasing the risk of errors in specimen collection, a possible explanation for some of the false-positive and false-negative cultures in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Umbilical cord blood transplantation and cytomegalovirus: posttransplantation infection and donor screening

Albano

Taylor

Pass

et al. 2006

Blood

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“…HCMV infection during pregnancy in nonimmune women (primary maternal infection) is associated with an approximately 30% transmission rate of HCMV to the developing fetus, a rate that is dependent on gestational period at the time of maternal infection (16)(17)(18). However, in contrast to the situation with other congenital infections, such as rubella, parvovirus infection, and toxoplasmosis, preconceptional maternal immunity to HCMV does not prevent transmission to the fetus, and even women with long-standing immunity to HCMV can transmit virus to their fetuses (19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24). This unique feature of the natural history of maternal HCMV infection provides an explanation for the observation that as HCMV seroprevalence increases in maternal populations, the rate of congenital HCMV infection also increases such that the highest rates of congenital HCMV infections are found in populations in which women of childbearing age have the highest prevalence of serological immunity to HCMV (25).…”

Section: Hcmv Infections During Pregnancy (I) Maternal Immunity and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Congenital Human Cytomegalovirus Infection and the Enigma of Maternal Immunity

Britt

2017

J Virol

155

158

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Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the most common viral infection acquired by the developing human fetus and can result in damage to the developing central nervous system. Although vaccine development to modify this congenital infection is ongoing, the unique epidemiology of maternal HCMV infections appears discordant with strategies for vaccine development. Several characteristics of congenital HCMV infections suggest that the efficacy of vaccines designed to induce responses similar to those that follow natural infection will be limited.

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Congenital cytomegalovirus infection in newborn infants of mothers infected before pregnancy.

Cited by 164 publications

References 11 publications

Diagnosis and Management of Human Cytomegalovirus Infection in the Mother, Fetus, and Newborn Infant

Diagnosis and Management of Human Cytomegalovirus Infection in the Mother, Fetus, and Newborn Infant

Umbilical cord blood transplantation and cytomegalovirus: posttransplantation infection and donor screening

Congenital Human Cytomegalovirus Infection and the Enigma of Maternal Immunity

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