Congenital Rubella Syndrome After Maternal Reinfection

Bullens, Dominique; Smets, Koenraad; Vanhaesebrouck, Piet

doi:10.1177/000992280003900207

Cited by 52 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In contrast, Schiff et al [34] in the United States found that among vaccinees who had reverted to seronegativity, all shed virus, and one-half had detectable viremia after challenge with the Howell strain, a low-passage, wild-type strain similar to the Gilchrist strain used in our neutralization assay. A substantial number of case reports have documented the occurrence of rubella infection and CRS in infants born to women with apparent secondary vaccine failure [35][36][37][38][39]. Thus, the possibility of rubella susceptibility among those whose titers have waned cannot be ruled out.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence of Rubella Antibodies after 2 Doses of Measles‐Mumps‐Rubella Vaccine

LeBaron

Forghani

Matter³

et al. 2009

J INFECT DIS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence of Rubella Antibodies after 2 Doses of Measles‐Mumps‐Rubella Vaccine

LeBaron

Forghani

Matter³

et al. 2009

J INFECT DIS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, IgG avidity testing has some limitations. Avidity testing cannot rule out rubella reinfection, which although rare, has been documented in the literature; therefore, consideration of clinical and epidemiological factors is necessary to assess the risk of possible exposure to rubella (35,36). For pregnant women, avidity testing is most useful in early pregnancy, as it can help to rule out an infection in the first trimester, when risk to the fetus is greatest.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rubella Surveillance and Diagnostic Testing among a Low-Prevalence Population, New York City, 2012–2013

Isaac

Zucker

Giancotti

et al. 2017

Clin Vaccine Immunol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH) receives clinical and laboratory reports for rubella. Because rubella immunoglobulin M (IgM) assays may produce false-positive results and rubella infections may be asymptomatic, interpretation of positive IgM results can be challenging. Rubella reports received by DOHMH in 2012 to 2013 were reviewed. The rubella IgM testing purpose was determined through case investigation. Results of IgM testing by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and capture enzyme immunoassay (EIA) were compared to determine positive predictive value (PPV) and specificity. DOHMH received 199 rubella reports; 2 were true cases. Of all reports, 77.9% were tested for rubella IgM erroneously, 19.6% were tested for diagnostic purposes, 2.0% had unknown test purpose, and 0.5% were not tested. PPV of indirect ELISA was 6% overall, 14% for diagnostic tests, and 0% for tests ordered erroneously. PPV of capture EIA was 29% overall, 50% for diagnostic tests, and 0% for tests ordered erroneously. Overall, specificity was 52% for indirect ELISA and 85% for capture EIA. Limiting rubella IgM testing to patients for whom rubella diagnosis is suspected and using a more specific IgM assay have the potential to reduce false-positive rubella IgM results.

show abstract

“…Generally speaking, individuals who test positive for anti-rubella antibody (by hemagglutinationinhibition (HI) assay or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)) are immune. However, there have been many reports regarding subjects who had previously tested antibody-positive but nonetheless contracted rubella, leading to CRS in offspring [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. To decrease CRS risk, a research group supported by the Japanese government has (since 2004) recommended rubella vaccination not only for those who are negative by HI assay (antibody titers<1:8), but also for subjects with low titers (≤ 1:16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes of Antibody Associated with Cell-Mediated Immunity in College Students During Two Years after Rubella Vaccination

Terada¹,

Hagihara²,

Tanaka³

et al. 2017

J Vaccines Vaccin

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: This study measured cell-mediated immunity (CMI) and serum antibody levels against rubella to clarify antibody changes associated with CMI during 2 years after vaccination. Methods:The study subjects were 64 college students in two groups: 38 subjects who (having exhibited hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) anti-rubella antibody titers of ≤ 1:16) had been vaccinated with a rubella vaccine 2 years previously (Group 1); and 26 subjects who (having exhibited HI titers ≥ 1:32) had not been vaccinated 2 years previously (Group 2). All students were tested for IgG antibody levels (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and CMI (by interferon-γ (IFN-γ release assay). Results:The IgG antibody and IFN-γ values decreased significantly in Group 1 during the 2 years postvaccination, while antibody titers in Group 2 did not decrease over this interval. The proportion of Group-1 individuals with HI antibody titers ≤ 1:16 increased to 27/38 (71.1%) at two years following vaccination, compared with 6/26 (23.1%) in Group 2. No correlation of IgG antibody titers was observed in Group 1 between one month and two years after vaccination. However, a strong correlation (r=0.85, p<0.00001) was detected in Group 2 between two years ago and the present. The correlation of IFN-γ values in Group 1 between one month and two years after vaccination was 0.614 (p<0.00005). When the subjects were classified by CMI status, the numbers of individuals who were intermediate and negative for IgG antibody at two years after vaccination were 1 and 0 of 13 subjects, 3 and 1 of 9 subjects, and 3 and 2 of 16 subjects in Group 1, respectively, while the antibody-positive status was maintained in all subjects in Group 2. Conclusion:The IgG antibody and IFN-γ values decreased in distinct ways during the 2 years of the study; the persistence of the seropositivity was associated with CMI status.

show abstract

Congenital Rubella Syndrome After Maternal Reinfection

Cited by 52 publications

References 12 publications

Persistence of Rubella Antibodies after 2 Doses of Measles‐Mumps‐Rubella Vaccine

Persistence of Rubella Antibodies after 2 Doses of Measles‐Mumps‐Rubella Vaccine

Rubella Surveillance and Diagnostic Testing among a Low-Prevalence Population, New York City, 2012–2013

Changes of Antibody Associated with Cell-Mediated Immunity in College Students During Two Years after Rubella Vaccination

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About