Congenital toxoplasmosis transmitted by human immunodeficiency-virus infected women

Azevedo, Kátia Martins Lopes de; Setúbal, Sérgio; Lopes, Vânia Glória Silami; Camacho, Luiz Antônio Bastos; Oliveira, Solange Artimos de

doi:10.1590/s1413-86702010000200014

Cited by 18 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The most recent cases of congenital toxoplasmosis were reported from HIV-infected mothers who had a high titer for IgG and were negative for IgM antibodies (Azevedo et al, 2010). Due to the increasing number of HIV-infected women in childbearing age worldwide, the possibility of maternal-fetal transmission from mothers infected with chronic Toxoplasma infection is more likely to occur and may have a huge impact on public health perspectives, especially in those endemic areas with Toxoplasma infection.…”

Section: Congenital Toxoplasmosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasmosis in HIV/AIDS Patients - A Living Legacy

Nissapatorn¹

2011

Microbes, Viruses and Parasites in AIDS Process

101

124

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Section: Congenital Toxoplasmosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasmosis in HIV/AIDS Patients - A Living Legacy

Nissapatorn¹

2011

Microbes, Viruses and Parasites in AIDS Process

101

124

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…In the second and third trimester, newborns have usually been asymptomatic, with symptoms appearing late in childhood or early in adulthood, and may sporadically cause visual impairment [42,44,45]. In addition, congenital toxoplasmosis may also be associated with reactivation of the chronical maternal infection, particularly in HIVinfected and immunosuppressed women [46]. As 7/8 (87.5%) women herein were within reproductive age and presented negative serology for T. gondii, the homeless may be highly unprotected to infection duringpregnancy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serosurvey of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in homeless persons of São Paulo city, southeastern Brazil

Felipetto

Teider-Junior

Silva

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii has been extensively studied in a variety of vulnerable populations. However, no study has focused on homeless populations. Accordingly, the present study aimed to assess the seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii antibodies and the risk factors associated in homeless persons from homeless shelter of São Paulo city, southeastern Brazil. In addition, anti-HIV antibodies and associated risk of T. gondii and HIV coinfection have been evaluated.Methods: Anti-T. gondii antibodies were detected by indirect fluorescent antibody test. In addition, anti-HIV levels were testedby chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay, with positive samples confirmed by rapid immunoblot assay.Results: Overall, IgG anti-T. gondii seropositivity was found in 43/120 (35.8%) homeless persons, with endpoint titers varying from 16 to 1,024. The only two pregnant womentested were negative for IgM by chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay, with normal parturition and clinically healthy newborns in both cases. There were no statistical differences in the risk factors for anti-T. gondii serology (p>0.05). Anti-HIV seropositivity was found in 2/120 (1.7%) homeless persons, confirmed as HIV-1. One HIV seropositive individual was also sero-reactive to IgG anti-T.gondii, and both were negative to IgM anti-T. gondii.Conclusions: This is the first study that reports the serosurvey of T. gondii in homeless persons worldwide. Despite the limited sample size available in the present study, our findings have shown that the prevalence of anti-T. gondii antibodies in homeless persons herein was lower than the general population, probably due to homeless diet habit of eating mainly processed food intake. No statistical differences were found regarding risk factors for anti-T. gondii exposure in homeless persons.

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“…In the second and third trimester, newborns have usually been asymptomatic, with symptoms appearing late in childhood or early in adulthood, and may sporadically cause visual impairment [71,73,74]. In addition, congenital toxoplasmosis may also be associated with reactivation of the chronical maternal infection, particularly in HIV-infected and immunosuppressed women [75]. As 7/8 (87.5%) women herein were within reproductive age and presented negative serology for T. gondii, the homeless may be highly unprotected to infection during pregnancy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serosurvey of anti-Toxoplasma gondii and anti-HIV antibodies in homeless persons of southeastern Brazil

Lg¹,

Pi²,

FFVd³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Homeless persons have been described as one of the most vulnerable populations worldwide, with higher morbidity and mortality of diseases associated with HIV occurrence. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and HIV has been extensively studied in other vulnerable populations, however, no study to date have focused on their concomitant seroprevalence in homeless persons. Accordingly, the present study aimed to assess the concomitant seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii and anti-HIV antibodies and associated risk factors in homeless persons in a daytime homeless shelter of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. Methods: Anti-T. gondii antibodies were detected by indirect fluorescent antibody test and anti-HIV levels by chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay, with positive samples confirmed by rapid immunoblot assay. Results: Overall, IgG anti-T. gondii seropositivity was found in 43/120 (35.8%) homeless persons, with endpoint titers varying from 16 to 1,024. The only two pregnant women tested were negative for IgM by chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay, with normal parturition and clinically healthy newborns in both cases. There were no statistical differences in the risk factors for anti-T. gondii serology (p>0.05). Anti- HIV seropositivity was found in 2/120 (1.7%) homeless persons, confirmed as HIV-1. One HIV seropositive individual was also sero-reactive to IgG anti-T. gondii, and both were negative to IgM anti-T. gondii. One HIV positive person was also diagnosed with syphilis, tuberculosis and body lice presence, while the other never returned for assistance. No evaluation of anti- HIV risk factors has been made due to the low seropositive rate. Conclusions: The anti-T. gondii prevalence herein was lower than other Brazilian populations, likely related to predominant intake of processed food such as ready-to-eat and fast-food meals, and thus, low ingestion of fresh salad and raw meat. On the other hand, the anti- HIV seropositivity was higher than the average of the general Brazilian population, with 0.4%. Despite the low prevalence of anti-T. gondii in homeless persons, clinical manifestations may be aggravated in HIV positive individuals. To the author's knowledge, this is the first study of anti-T. gondii serosurvey in homeless persons concomitantly assessed with anti-HIV seropositivity.

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Congenital toxoplasmosis transmitted by human immunodeficiency-virus infected women

Cited by 18 publications

References 14 publications

Toxoplasmosis in HIV/AIDS Patients - A Living Legacy

Toxoplasmosis in HIV/AIDS Patients - A Living Legacy

Serosurvey of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in homeless persons of São Paulo city, southeastern Brazil

Serosurvey of anti-Toxoplasma gondii and anti-HIV antibodies in homeless persons of southeastern Brazil

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