Conhecimento de educadoras a respeito dos maus-tratos infantis e sua relação com a violência na escola

Abstract

O presente artigo tem como intuito analisar a relação existente entre as vítimas de maus-tratos e os comportamentos agressivos de crianças no contexto escolar, avaliando o conhecimento que as docentes possuem sobre a temática. Participaram do estudo cinco crianças, com idade entre 4 e 5 anos, e suas respectivas professoras. Foram utilizados como instrumentos, um Protocolo de Observação Comportamental para as crianças e um Questionário para as docentes, contendo a caracterização dos maus-tratos e seus respectivos encaminhamentos em caso de suspeita de vitimização. Foi constatado que as educadoras conhecem aspectos relativos à temática abordada, porém ainda existe certa dificuldade em lidar com os encaminhamentos adequados. Revela a importância de fomentar projetos de capacitação para os educadores, de modo a favorecer a identificação de vítimas, possibilitando sua redução e consequentemente, a diminuição de comportamentos agressivos na escola.

Professional practices in situations of child abuse: an integrative review

“…Brazil's South region accounted for the largest number of publications (nine articles 25,[31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] plus two studies in the South and Southeast 29,39 ). The North region accounted for only two articles 40,41 .…”

“…The area of health accounted for the largest number of studies, with 12 articles 24,[27][28][29][30][31]39,[41][42][43][44][45] plus two articles involving both health and social services 32,35 . The areas of education 36 and public security 38 accounted only for 1 article each.…”

“…Sometimes professionals failed to file a MR for fear of retaliation by family members, the perpetrator, or the community, or because they were afraid that it would harm the victim given that the child may remain with the perpetrator even after filing a MR due to lack of intervention 36,43,46 .…”

“…Moreover, professional practice is often based on power relations, with some professionals not seeing themselves as responsible for intervening or filing a MR 32,36 and simply passing on the responsibility to colleagues, leading to fragmented and ineffective interventions 32 .…”

“…Three studies 25,28,34 highlighted the need for continuous training due to the complex nature of working with victims of child violence, one of which 28 mentioned that childcare training and experience with caring for children were factors that facilitated the identification and reporting of violence. Most studies concluded that professional training should encompass protocols for service providers to recognize types of violence and make sure that professionals are prepared to communicate violence and refer cases through the correct channels to protect the victim [24][25][26][27][28]34,36,38,39,42,44,46,47 .…”