Connexin 43 Delimits Functional Domains of Neurogenic Precursors in the Spinal Cord

Russo, Raúl E.; Reali, Cecilia; Radmilovich, Milka; Fernández, Ana María González; Trujillo‐Cenóz, O.

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.5736-07.2008

Cited by 44 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…As the influence of mNSCs on Ca 2+ waves greatly preceded development of mature neuronal properties and reciprocal electrochemical transynaptic signaling, some antecedent mechanism must have allowed earlier intercellular communication. We postulated that this mechanism might involve formation of gap junctions (6)(7)(8). Located on the plasma membrane and composed of connexin (Cx) proteins, gap junctions are clusters of channels connecting the interiors of coupled cells through which molecules <1 kDa may be exchanged.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Communication via gap junctions underlies early functional and beneficial interactions between grafted neural stem cells and the host

Jäderstad¹,

Jäderstad²,

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

133

157

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How grafted neural stem cells (NSCs) and their progeny integrate into recipient brain tissue and functionally interact with host cells is as yet unanswered. We report that, in organotypic slice cultures analyzed by ratiometric time-lapse calcium imaging, current-clamp recordings, and dye-coupling methods, an early and essential way in which grafted murine or human NSCs integrate functionally into host neural circuitry and affect host cells is via gap-junctional coupling, even before electrophysiologically mature neuronal differentiation. The gap junctions, which are established rapidly, permit exogenous NSCs to influence directly host network activity, including synchronized calcium transients with host cells in fluctuating networks. The exogenous NSCs also protect host neurons from death and reduce such signs of secondary injury as reactive astrogliosis. To determine whether gap junctions between NSCs and host cells may also mediate neuroprotection in vivo, we examined NSC transplantation in two murine models characterized by degeneration of the same cell type (Purkinje neurons) from different etiologies, namely, the nervous and SCA1 mutants. In both, gap junctions (containing connexin 43) formed between NSCs and host cells at risk, and were associated with rescue of neurons and behavior (when implantation was performed before overt neuron loss). Both in vitro and in vivo beneficial NSC effects were abrogated when gap junction formation or function was suppressed by pharmacologic and/or RNA-inhibition strategies, supporting the pivotal mediation by gap-junctional coupling of some modulatory, homeostatic, and protective actions on host systems as well as establishing a template for the subsequent development of electrochemical synaptic intercellular communication.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Communication via gap junctions underlies early functional and beneficial interactions between grafted neural stem cells and the host

Jäderstad¹,

Jäderstad²,

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

133

157

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Von Holst et al (2007) showed the expression of TNC isoforms in neural stem/progenitor cells. The signiWcant role of TNC was suggested in the functionality of neural stem cell niche during development and adult brain together with Connexin-43, which maintains the proliferative state of neural progenitor and functions in spinal cord neurogenesis (von Holst et al 2007;Russo et al 2008). hDP-SCs showed strong expression of (a, b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human dental pulp stem cells demonstrate better neural and epithelial stem cell properties than bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells

Karaöz

Demircan

Sağlam

et al. 2011

Histochem Cell Biol

178

121

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Dental pulp stem cells (hDP-SCs) were primarily derived from pulp tissues of primary incisors, exfoliated deciduous and permanent third molar teeth. To understand the characteristics of hDP-SCs from impacted third molar, proliferation capacities, gene expression profiles, phenotypic, ultrastructural, and differentiation characteristics were analyzed in comparison with human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs), extensively. hDP-SCs showed more developed and metabolically active cells. Contrary to hBM-MSCs, hDP-SCs strongly expressed both cytokeratin (CK)-18 and -19, which could involve in odontoblast differentiation and dentine repair. The intrinsic neuro-glia characteristics of hDP-MSCs were demonstrated by the expression of several specific transcripts and proteins of neural stem cell and neurons. These cells not only differentiate into adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic lineage, but also share some special characteristics of expressing some neural stem cell and epithelial markers. Under defined conditions, hDP-SCs are able to differentiate into both neural and vascular endothelial cells in vitro. Dental pulp might provide an alternative source for human MSCs. hDP-SCs with a promising differentiation capacity could be easily isolated, and possible clinical use could be developed for neurodegenerative and oral diseases in the future.

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“…The astroglial progenitor cell line TB2, isolated from the fish brain, expresses Cx43 and Cx35 [124]. In the turtle, the spinal cord neural progenitors express Cx43 and are electrically and metabolically coupled via gap junctions [102]. Together, it appears that gap junctions are critical to maintaining neural stem cell homeostasis, both in self-renewal and early stages of differentiation.…”

Section: Neural Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Gap Junctions in Embryonic and Somatic Stem Cells

2008

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Stem cells provide an invaluable tool to develop cell replacement therapies for a range of serious disorders caused by cell damage or degeneration. Much research in the field is focused on the identification of signals that either maintain stem cell pluripotency or direct their differentiation. Understanding how stem cells communicate within their microenvironment is essential to achieve their therapeutic potentials. Gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) has been described in embryonic stem cells (ES cells) and various somatic stem cells. GJIC has been implicated in regulating different biological events in many stem cells, including cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. This review summarizes the current understanding of gap junctions in both embryonic and somatic stem cells, as well as their potential role in growth control and cellular differentiation.

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Connexin 43 Delimits Functional Domains of Neurogenic Precursors in the Spinal Cord

Cited by 44 publications

References 55 publications

Communication via gap junctions underlies early functional and beneficial interactions between grafted neural stem cells and the host

Communication via gap junctions underlies early functional and beneficial interactions between grafted neural stem cells and the host

Human dental pulp stem cells demonstrate better neural and epithelial stem cell properties than bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells

Role of Gap Junctions in Embryonic and Somatic Stem Cells

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