Consensual Racism and Career Track: Some Implications of Social Dominance Theory

Sidanius, Jim; Pratto, Felicia; Martin, Michael T.; Stallworth, Lisa M.

doi:10.2307/3791552

Cited by 131 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…7 As noted earlier, these results suggest that education may have paradoxical effects on expressions of racism and group dominance. On the one hand, there is a sizable body of evidence suggesting that direct expressions of racism tend to decrease with increasing levels of education (e.g., Kahn, 1951;Lipset, 1960;McClosky & Zaller, 1984;Sidanius et al, 1991;Sinclair, Sidanius, & Levin, 1998). At the same time, however, it is also now clear that generalized predispositions (e.g., conservatism), policyrelevant issue considerations (e.g., principled objections), and racial-policy attitudes (e.g., opposition to affirmative action) become more strongly linked to racism and other expressions of group dominance as people become more educated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This variable measured the degree to which respondents exhibited "old-fashioned," dominance-oriented prejudices toward Blacks (see Sidanius et al, 1996;Sidanius, Pratto, Martin, & Stallworth, 1991). Respondents were given a list of reasons "some people give" to explain why Blacks are worse off than Whites and asked to indicate how much they agreed or disagreed with each.…”

Section: Group-dominance Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Racism, ideology, and affirmative action revisited: The antecedents and consequences of "principled objections" to affirmative action.

Federico

Sidanius

2002

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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202

189

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In 2 studies, the antecedents and consequences of "principled objections" to affirmative action (specific, "race-neutral" reasons for opposing the policy) among Whites were examined. In Study 1, data from a probability sample of Los Angeles adults indicated the following: (a) that principled-objection endorsement was driven not merely by race-neutral values but also by dominance-related concerns like racism; (b) that principled objections mediated the effects of group dominance; and (c) that education strengthened-rather than attenuated-the relationship between dominance-related concerns and principled objections, whereas it left the relationship between race-neutral values and the latter essentially unchanged. In Study 2, the education findings were conceptually replicated in a panel study of undergraduates: The completion of additional years of college boosted the correlation between racism and principled objections, whereas it had no effect on the predictive power of conservatism. These results provide support for a general group-dominance approach, which suggests that factors like racism continue to shape White opposition to race-targeted policies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Group-dominance Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Racism, ideology, and affirmative action revisited: The antecedents and consequences of "principled objections" to affirmative action.

Federico

Sidanius

2002

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

Self Cite

202

189

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Hierarchy-enhancing jobs create or maintain group-based differences while hierarchy-attenuating jobs diminish groupbased differences (Pratto & Espinoza, 2001;Pratto, Stallworth, Sidanius, & Siers, 1997). For example, the criminal justice system is disproportionately controlled by dominant groups and therefore prosecutors and police officers have hierarchy-enhancing roles as agents of the state (Sidanius, Pratto, Martin, & Stallworth, 1991). In contrast, public defenders have hierarchyattenuating roles because they defend the subordinate groups who tend to have disproportionate contact with the criminal justice system (Sidanius, Liu, Shaw, & Pratto, 1994).…”

Section: Study 6: Hierarchy Preference At Low and High Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seeking structure in social organization: Compensatory control and the psychological advantages of hierarchy.

Friesen

Kay

Eibach

et al. 2014

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

180

140

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Hierarchies are a ubiquitous form of human social organization. We hypothesized that 1 reason for the prevalence of hierarchies is that they offer structure and therefore satisfy the core motivational needs for order and control relative to less structured forms of social organization. This hypothesis is rooted in compensatory control theory, which posits that (a) individuals have a basic need to perceive the world as orderly and structured, and (b) personal and external sources of control are capable of satisfying this need because both serve the comforting belief that the world operates in an orderly fashion. Our first 2 studies confirmed that hierarchies were perceived as more structured and orderly relative to egalitarian arrangements (Study 1) and that working in a hierarchical workplace promotes a feeling of self-efficacy (Study 2). We threatened participants’ sense of personal control and measured perceptions of and preferences for hierarchy in 5 subsequent experiments. Participants who lacked control perceived more hierarchy occurring in ambiguous social situations (Study 3) and preferred hierarchy more strongly in workplace contexts (Studies 4–5). We also provide evidence that hierarchies are indeed appealing because of their structure: Preference for hierarchy was higher among individuals high in Personal Need for Structure and a control threat increased preference for hierarchy even among participants low in Personal Need for Structure (Study 5). Framing a hierarchy as unstructured reversed the effect of control threat on hierarchy (Study 6). Finally, hierarchy-enhancing jobs were more appealing after control threat, even when they were low in power and status (Study 7).

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“…Longitudinal research suggests that certain majors, such as economics, as well as individual differences may predispose students to a preference for hierarchy in society (Frank et al 1993;Sidanius et al 1991) with exposure to economic and social inequality being part of a business education. Defining the impact of culture on acquisition of moral and ethical concepts in relation to organizational constructs has been explored in the literature for some time (Ringov and Zollo 2007).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accordingly, the following study aimed to examine the relationship between SDO and compassion while hypothesizing Economic Systems Justification (ESJ) would mediate this relationship. Because of the importance of compassion in the workplace, the prevalence of SDO in the business academic community (Sidanius et al 1991) and the topicality of ESJ, we conducted our study with business school students. Results confirmed all but one hypothesis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Facets of Compassion: The Impact of Social Dominance Orientation and Economic Systems Justification

et al. 2014

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Business students appear predisposed to select disciplines consistent with pre-existing worldviews. These disciplines (e.g., economics) then further reinforce the worldviews which may not always be adaptive. For example, high levels of Social Dominance Orientation (SDO) is a trait often found in business school students (Sidanius et al., Political Psychol 12(4):691-721, 1991). SDO is a competitive and hierarchical worldview and belief-system that ascribes people to higher or lower social rankings. While research suggests that high levels of SDO may be linked to lower levels of empathy, research has not established the potential relationship between another related adaptive trait in the workplace, compassion. Compassion facilitates workplace performance by lowering levels of litigation, easing stress, and facilitating cooperation. Accordingly, the following study aimed to examine the relationship between SDO and compassion while hypothesizing Economic Systems Justification (ESJ) would mediate this relationship. Because of the importance of compassion in the workplace, the prevalence of SDO in the business academic community (Sidanius et al. 1991) and the topicality of ESJ, we conducted our study with business school students. Results confirmed all but one hypothesis.

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Consensual Racism and Career Track: Some Implications of Social Dominance Theory

Cited by 131 publications

References 65 publications

Racism, ideology, and affirmative action revisited: The antecedents and consequences of "principled objections" to affirmative action.

Racism, ideology, and affirmative action revisited: The antecedents and consequences of "principled objections" to affirmative action.

Seeking structure in social organization: Compensatory control and the psychological advantages of hierarchy.

Multiple Facets of Compassion: The Impact of Social Dominance Orientation and Economic Systems Justification

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