Conservación de colonias reproductoras de murciélagos cavernícolas mediante refugios artificiales.

doi:10.14709/barbj.10.1.2017.02

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Additionally, because pups cannot readily thermoregulate early in development (Klug & Barclay, 2013;Noll, 1979;Sano, 2000;Studier & O'Farrell, 1972), pups could be more susceptible to high roost temperatures due to their inability to thermoregulate and lower thermal inertia (i.e., faster heating) compared to adults. For instance, Alcalde et al (2017) reported that artificial roost temperatures reached at least 36.6 C during a heatwave in northern Spain in July 2015, resulting in the death of five nonvolant Geoffroy's bat pups (Vespertilionidae: Myotis emarginatus) and temporary roost abandonment by adults.…”

Section: Thermal Tolerance Of Temperate Batsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While instances of bat mortality at artificial roosts have been documented (Alcalde et al, 2017;Flaquer et al, 2014), these observations remain largely anecdotal and there is no comprehensive record. Poor documentation of mortality relating to bat box design and placement adds to the growing uncertainty surrounding bat box use.…”

Section: Increasing Popularity Uncertainty and Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Roof and shade modifications can also be used to reduce internal temperatures. Alcalde et al (2017) reduced the temperatures of a large artificial roost by 2 C compared with its unaltered state by elevating the roof to create a pocket of still air and adding a thermal insulating paint. Regardless of the design changes made to reduce overheating risk, it is important to recognize there is a tradeoff inherent to reducing maximum temperatures, as such a modified roost may provide a microclimate that is not conducive to pup development (Hoying & Kunz, 1998).…”

Section: Mitigating the Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…. For bats, there is concern about the hot thermal profiles of bat boxes (herein, "microclimates") and the compounding effects of climate change (Bideguren et al, 2018), which may subject bats to heat stress and lead to mortality (Alcalde, Martínez, Zaldua, & Antón, 2017;Flaquer et al, 2014;. Overall, the increasing popularity of bat boxes and multitudes of untested designs available could lead to the proliferation of dangerous roosting habitat.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Avoiding a conservation pitfall: Considering the risks of unsuitably hot bat boxes

Crawford

O’Keefe

2021

Conservat Sci and Prac

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Bat boxes are commonly deployed to mitigate the loss of bat roosting habitat. Due to a dearth of microclimate research, numerous untested commercially available bat boxes, and the uncertain impacts of a rapidly changing climate, the overheating risk presented to bats by bat boxes is largely unquantified. Based on limited research, we know many boxes overheat (i.e., temperatures >40 C). A lack of standardized protocols to evaluate microclimate and misleading information available to the public leads to a murky understanding of risks involved with deploying bat boxes. Herein, we evaluate the thermal tolerance of temperate-zone bats, delineate areas of concern regarding the risks to temperate-zone bats when bat boxes are deployed, identify strategies for reducing overheating risk, suggest methods for assessing microclimate, and provide a visual framework to assess overheating risk. Identifying suitable design and placement combinations is crucial to developing region-specific strategies to mitigate against overheating. We urge consideration of the risks involved with using bat boxes, advocate for rigorous testing before deployment, and suggest using alternatives when possible.

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Section: Thermal Tolerance Of Temperate Batsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Increasing Popularity Uncertainty and Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mitigating the Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Avoiding a conservation pitfall: Considering the risks of unsuitably hot bat boxes

Crawford

O’Keefe

2021

Conservat Sci and Prac

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“…There have been several reports of heatrelated mortality of pteropodid bats in the southern hemisphere, which are predicted to increase due to climate change (McKechnie et al, 2021;Ratnayake et al, 2019;Welbergen et al, 2008). Although less common, there are reports of heat-related mortality of vespertilionid bats using artificial roosts in South-Western Europe (Alcalde et al, 2017;Flaquer et al, 2014). These bats are also threatened by anthropogenic land-use changes, including deforestation, habitat fragmentation and plantation forests (Kunz & Parsons, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Home is where the heat is: Thermoregulation of European bats inhabiting artificial roosts and the threat of heat waves

Czenze

Noakes

Wojciechowski

2022

Journal of Applied Ecology

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Anthropogenic land use changes, such as deforestation and commercial forestry, have substantially reduced natural roost sites for European bats. A common conservation solution is to provide artificial roosts (i.e. bat boxes), but there are concerns that these can become hotter than natural roosts in summer and could be death traps during heat waves. Nevertheless, females of several bat species form maternity colonies in these boxes, thus occupying hotter and more humid microclimates than solitarily roosting males. We tested if cooling efficiency and heat tolerance differ between sexes in European bats, and estimated the evaporative water requirements for bats living in bat boxes during hot summer days. We used indirect calorimetry and thermometry to quantify thermoregulation at high air temperatures (Ta) in four species of verspitilionid bats that regularly occupy artificial roosts. We measured resting metabolic heat production, evaporative water loss rates (EWL) and body temperature (Tb) at Ta between 28°C and 48°C during summer. We predicted that females have higher evaporative cooling efficiency (evaporative heat loss/metabolic heat production) than males, allowing them to reach their heat tolerance limit at higher Ta. We found no sex differences in maximum evaporative cooling efficiency, maximum Tb, and maximum Ta tolerated. However, the patterns of increasing EWL with Ta differed between sexes. Females tolerated higher Ta before increasing EWL than males and then rapidly increased EWL to higher values than males at the maximum Ta tolerated. These sex differences in heat dissipation strategies may reflect varying ecological and physiological constraints associated with different summer roosting habits. Synthesis and applications. Our study revealed that some small European bat species are already at risk of succumbing to lethal dehydration during present‐day heat waves, with daytime evaporative water requirements equivalent to ~30% of body mass in sun‐exposed boxes. For conservation managers working with common European bat species, particularly those in monoculture forests with woodcrete bat‐boxes, our physiologically informed recommendations include positioning boxes in diverse locations varying in aspect and sun exposure. This will ensure thermal heterogeneity of roost sites and provide a wide gradient of microclimate conditions, allowing for roost switching when necessary.

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Bat boxes and climate change: testing the risk of over-heating in the Mediterranean region

et al. 2018

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Conservación de colonias reproductoras de murciélagos cavernícolas mediante refugios artificiales.

Cited by 4 publications

References 5 publications

Avoiding a conservation pitfall: Considering the risks of unsuitably hot bat boxes

Avoiding a conservation pitfall: Considering the risks of unsuitably hot bat boxes

Home is where the heat is: Thermoregulation of European bats inhabiting artificial roosts and the threat of heat waves

Bat boxes and climate change: testing the risk of over-heating in the Mediterranean region

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