Conservation of forest cover in Mesoamerican biosphere reserves is associated with the increase of local non-farm occupation

Auliz-Ortiz, Daniel Martín; Arroyo‐Rodríguez, Víctor; Mendoza, Eduardo; Martı́nez-Ramos, Miguel

doi:10.1016/j.pecon.2022.03.006

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Under such circumstances, farmers are forced to increase the cultivated area to obtain profitable revenues, which promotes forest loss ( 57 ). In the study region, local communities with higher nonfarm occupation not only exert lower forest loss pressure on reserves but also have higher human welfare ( 21 ). Therefore, allocating higher resources to increasing nonfarm labor opportunities could potentially prevent forest loss and the extirpation of disturbance-sensitive species in forest reserves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These proximate drivers are in turn influenced by demographic, economic, technological, political, and cultural factors, together known as indirect or underlying drivers of forest spatial change ( 16 ). For example, factors such as population growth ( 19 ), commercial demand for agricultural products ( 20 ), and low nonfarm occupation ( 21 ) are important drivers of forest loss because they promote agriculture expansion or infrastructure development.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…They are established in key biogeographic sites, where ecosystems have minimal modification or have been altered and now require preservation and restoration because of their biological relevance ( 30 ). Additionally, biosphere reserves possess one of the lengthiest research legacies and have been demonstrated effective in avoiding forest loss ( 21 ) even when compared to stricter protected areas ( 32 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Underlying and proximate drivers of biodiversity changes in Mesoamerican biosphere reserves

Auliz-Ortiz,

Benítez-Malvido,

Arroyo-Rodríguez

et al. 2024

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Protected areas are of paramount relevance to conserving wildlife and ecosystem contributions to people. Yet, their conservation success is increasingly threatened by human activities including habitat loss, climate change, pollution, and species overexploitation. Thus, understanding the underlying and proximate drivers of anthropogenic threats is urgently needed to improve protected areas’ effectiveness, especially in the biodiversity-rich tropics. We addressed this issue by analyzing expert-provided data on long-term biodiversity change (last three decades) over 14 biosphere reserves from the Mesoamerican Biodiversity Hotspot. Using multivariate analyses and structural equation modeling, we tested the influence of major socioeconomic drivers (demographic, economic, and political factors), spatial indicators of human activities (agriculture expansion and road extension), and forest landscape modifications (forest loss and isolation) as drivers of biodiversity change. We uncovered a significant proliferation of disturbance-tolerant guilds and the loss or decline of disturbance-sensitive guilds within reserves causing a “winner and loser” species replacement over time. Guild change was directly related to forest spatial changes promoted by the expansion of agriculture and roads within reserves. High human population density and low nonfarming occupation were identified as the main underlying drivers of biodiversity change. Our findings suggest that to mitigate anthropogenic threats to biodiversity within biosphere reserves, fostering human population well-being via sustainable, nonfarming livelihood opportunities around reserves is imperative.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Underlying and proximate drivers of biodiversity changes in Mesoamerican biosphere reserves

Auliz-Ortiz,

Benítez-Malvido,

Arroyo-Rodríguez

et al. 2024

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Therefore, according to the notion of sustainable ecology, man must live in harmony with his surroundings (Adeyemi et al, 2022). By fostering greater opportunities in non-agricultural economic activity and structuring the spread of rural populations around biosphere reserves, forest protection could be enhanced (Auliz-Ortiz et al, 2022).…”

Section: Tourismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpretive Paradigm: Disclosure of Local Community Concern for the Environment (Study in Alas Purwo National Park Area, Banyuwangi, East Java)

Kumalasari

Aprilia

Aini

et al. 2023

HBT

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Alas Purwo National Park is a protected national park located in Banyuwangi, East Java, Indonesia. The Alas Purwo National Park currently allows for a variety of activities, including tourism and scientific study. In its development, the tourism industry must consider environmental, economic, social, and cultural factors, among others. Additionally, Alas Purwo National Park is a state-protected park, thus environmental sustainability must be considered. The aim of this research was to investigate how people interpret the notion of environmental stewardship. This researcher employed descriptive qualitative methods with primary data sources from informants who are Bedul and Alas Purwo Banyuwangi region residents engaged in economic activities. Determination of informants utilizing semi-structured interviews and open-ended questions based on snowball sampling. The results of the study indicate that the community in Alas Purwo National Park already appreciates the importance of caring for the environment and contributing to its preservation. Moreover, managers always maintain the ecosystem and advise visitors not to harm the native flora and wildlife.

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“…According to the latest edition of the "Protect the Earth Report, " the coverage of protected areas globally has increased by 4.2% since 2010, with NRs accounting for approximately 15.66% of the total area (Academy of Ocean of China, 2021). However, the effectiveness of conservation management in NRs can be influenced by social and economic factors, including human population density and the activities of local communities (Auliz-Ortiz et al, 2022). Similarly, the existence of NRs can have a myriad of impacts on neighboring communities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The cooperative development relationship between Nature Reserves and local communities

Guo,

Huang,

Bai

et al. 2023

Integrative Conservation

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The coordinated relationship between Nature Reserves (NRs) and adjacent communities has a significant impact on both these local communities and conservation management practices. However, the precise relationship between NRs and their surrounding communities remains poorly understood, whether it is coordinated or unbalanced? This study employed a matrix analysis approach alongside a coordination degree model to assess the relationship and the degree of coordination between the Xiaoheishan NRs (Xhs NRs) and local communities. In addition, a structural equation model was used to analyze the factors that influence the degree of coordination between the Xhs NRs and adjacent communities. Taking into account the willingness of these communities, a prospective development model was proposed. The results of the study revealed that: (1) the relationship between the Xhs NRs and their surrounding communities was predominantly characterized by a protection‐oriented approach, particularly in the subprotected regions of Xhs, Dxs, and Jzs. (2) The path analysis revealed that the level of dependence, knowledge, and cost perception among the Xhs NRs communities had a direct negative influence on the degree of coordination. Conversely, the attitudes and perceived benefits to the Xhs NRs had a direct positive effect. (3) The pathway to future development involves a triple model approach: a public participation model, an economic model that focuses on mutual benefits and a protection and poverty alleviation model. The relationship between NRs and surrounding communities should be accurately defined; and the contradiction between protection and development should be fully coordinated. To achieve coordinated development of NRs and communities that reside close by, the Xhs NRs, along with other smaller and scattered NRs, should actively involve the public, particularly local communities, in conservation management.

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Conservation of forest cover in Mesoamerican biosphere reserves is associated with the increase of local non-farm occupation

Cited by 3 publications

References 33 publications

Underlying and proximate drivers of biodiversity changes in Mesoamerican biosphere reserves

Underlying and proximate drivers of biodiversity changes in Mesoamerican biosphere reserves

Interpretive Paradigm: Disclosure of Local Community Concern for the Environment (Study in Alas Purwo National Park Area, Banyuwangi, East Java)

The cooperative development relationship between Nature Reserves and local communities

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