Considerations for Measuring Exposure to Chemical Mixtures

Paulik, L. Blair; Anderson, Kim A.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-56234-6_3

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 126 publications

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“…For example, 14 chemicals were detected in over 50% of wristbands, 13–36 chemicals were found in common between different groups of wristbands and several co-occurring pairs of chemicals were identified. Our results reveal common chemical mixtures across several communities that can be prioritized for future toxicology and epidemiology studies [4,52]. Toxicologists can investigate health effects resulting from the common mixtures we report.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Discovery of common chemical exposures across three continents using silicone wristbands

et al. 2019

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To assess differences and trends in personal chemical exposure, volunteers from 14 communities in Africa (Senegal, South Africa), North America (United States (U.S.)) and South America (Peru) wore 262 silicone wristbands. We analysed wristband extracts for 1530 unique chemicals, resulting in 400 860 chemical data points. The number of chemical detections ranged from 4 to 43 per wristband, with 191 different chemicals detected, and 1339 chemicals were not detected in any wristband. No two wristbands had identical chemical detections. We detected 13 potential endocrine disrupting chemicals in over 50% of all wristbands and found 36 chemicals in common between chemicals detected in three geographical wristband groups (Africa, North America and South America). U.S. children (less than or equal to 11 years) had the highest percentage of flame retardant detections compared with all other participants. Wristbands worn in Texas post-Hurricane Harvey had the highest mean number of chemical detections (28) compared with other study locations (10–25). Consumer product-related chemicals and phthalates were a high percentage of chemical detections across all study locations (36–53% and 18–42%, respectively). Chemical exposures varied among individuals; however, many individuals were exposed to similar chemical mixtures. Our exploratory investigation uncovered personal chemical exposure trends that can help prioritize certain mixtures and chemical classes for future studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Discovery of common chemical exposures across three continents using silicone wristbands

et al. 2019

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“…Individual human or ecological receptors’ exposure to chemicals are complex (Escher, Stapleton, & Schymanski, 2020; Paulik & Anderson, 2018). All individuals are exposed to large numbers of chemicals and an individual may have multiple sources of exposure to a single chemical.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interindividual Variation in Source‐Specific Doses is a Determinant of Health Impacts of Combined Chemical Exposures

Price

2020

Risk Analysis

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All individuals are exposed to multiple chemicals from multiple sources. These combined exposures are a concern because they may cause adverse effects that would not occur from an exposure recieved from any single source. Studies of combined chemical exposures, however, have found that the risks posed by such combined exposures are almost always driven by exposures from a few chemicals and sources and frequently by a single chemical from a single source. Here, a series of computer simulations of combined exposures are used to investigate when multiple sources of chemicals drive the largest risks in a population and when a single chemical from a single source is responsible for the largest risks. The analysis found that combined exposures drive the largest risks when the interindividual variation of source-specific doses is small, moderate-to-high correlations occur between the source-specific doses, and the number of sources affecting an individual varies across individuals. These findings can be used to identify sources with the greatest potential to cause combined exposures of concern.

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Silicone wristbands compared with traditional polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure assessment methods

et al. 2018

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Currently there is a lack of inexpensive, easy-to-use technology to evaluate human exposure to environmental chemicals, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). This is the first study in which silicone wristbands were deployed alongside two traditional personal PAH exposure assessment methods: active air monitoring with samplers (i.e., polyurethane foam (PUF) and filter) housed in backpacks, and biological sampling with urine. We demonstrate that wristbands worn for 48 h in a non-occupational setting recover semivolatile PAHs, and we compare levels of PAHs in wristbands to PAHs in PUFs-filters and to hydroxy-PAH (OH-PAH) biomarkers in urine. We deployed all samplers simultaneously for 48 h on 22 pregnant women in an established urban birth cohort. Each woman provided one spot urine sample at the end of the 48-h period. Wristbands recovered PAHs with similar detection frequencies to PUFs-filters. Of the 62 PAHs tested for in the 22 wristbands, 51 PAHs were detected in at least one wristband. In this cohort of pregnant women, we found more significant correlations between OH-PAHs and PAHs in wristbands than between OH-PAHs and PAHs in PUFs-filters. Only two comparisons between PAHs in PUFs-filters and OH-PAHs correlated significantly (rs = 0.53 and p = 0.01; rs = 0.44 and p = 0.04), whereas six comparisons between PAHs in wristbands and OH-PAHs correlated significantly (rs = 0.44 to 0.76 and p = 0.04 to <0.0001). These results support the utility of wristbands as a biologically relevant exposure assessment tool which can be easily integrated into environmental health studies. Graphical abstractPAHs detected in samples collected from urban pregnant women Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s00216-018-0992-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Considerations for Measuring Exposure to Chemical Mixtures

Cited by 4 publications

References 126 publications

Discovery of common chemical exposures across three continents using silicone wristbands

Discovery of common chemical exposures across three continents using silicone wristbands

Interindividual Variation in Source‐Specific Doses is a Determinant of Health Impacts of Combined Chemical Exposures

Silicone wristbands compared with traditional polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure assessment methods

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