Considering Risks When Managing Legionella Growth in Plumbing

Abstract

Key Takeaways By understanding conditions in their customers’ plumbing systems, water utilities can select primary and supplemental treatment approaches to reduce public health concerns related to regrowth of Legionella. Because biofilm allows Legionella and other microorganisms to shelter from disinfectant residuals, controlling it is key to preventing bacterial regrowth in premise plumbing systems. Supplemental disinfection approaches include chemical disinfection, shock heat treatment, shock chlorination, and abrasive scouring.

Fe–Co controlled super-hygroscopic hydrogels toward efficient atmospheric water harvesting

“…As summarized in Fig. 5f and Table S3, † comparing with the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for drinking water quality, 56 all the anion concentrations including fluoride, chloride, nitrate, and sulfate ions are well below the WHO standards. What's more, the concentrations of iron and cobalt are typically less than 0.01 mg L −1 .…”

Intergradation of UiO‐66 Nanoparticles with Expanded Graphite for Electrocatalytic Determination of Nitrite and L‐Cysteine

“…[1,2] The World Health Organization (WHO) recommended the guideline value of nitrite in drinking-water is 3 mg L −1 as nitrite ion (equivalent to 0.9 mg L −1 as nitrite-nitrogen). [3] The current acceptable daily intake level for nitrites as food additives is 0.07 milligrams per kilogram of body weight per day. [4] In addition, nitrite interacts with compounds containing amine functional groups to form toxic and carcinogenic nitrosamines, causing gastrointestinal tumors and stomach cancer.…”

Mo(vi) complexes of amide–imine conjugates for tuning the selectivity of fluorescence recognition of Y(iii) vs. Pb(ii)

“…[17][18][19] World Health Organization (WHO) has listed Pb(II) among ten elements as crucial to public health anxiety. 20 Thus, precise quantication of trace level Pb(II) is also a priority. Hence, we have explored a facile, rapid, inexpensive, non-invasive method such as uorescence for the selective detection and quantication of Y(III) and Pb(II).…”