Consistency and stability of risk indicators: The case of road infrastructures

Rossi, Giuliano; Lombardi, Mara; Mascio, Paola Di

doi:10.2495/safe-v8-n1-39-47

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Ref Subject [1] Trustworthiness attributes and metrics [2] Trustworthy Cyber-Physical Systems [3] Trust based secure cyber physical systems. [4] Trustworthiness requirements for manufacturing cyber-physical systems [5] A hierarchical security architecture for cyber-physical systems [14] Fundamentals of computer security technology [15] Security metrics: replacing fear, uncertainty, and doubt [16] Security content automation protocol (SCAP) [17] Information security and ISO 27001 [18] Safety design concepts for statistical machine learning components [19] Data communication verification for safety goals [20] Safety standard IEC 61508 [21] Safety management fundamentals and Annexes of ICAO safety management [22] Requirements engineering and management [23] Automation standards [24] security in industrial control systems [25] Security safety model [26] Cross-fertilization between safety and security engineering [27] Safety and security of Cyber-physical systems [28] Security requirements analysis [29] Modeling safety and security interdependencies with BDMP [30] The past and Future of Safety Management [31] Calculativeness, trust, and economic organization [32] Concepts and taxonomy of dependable secure computing [33] Aligning cyber-physical system safety and security [34] IT security metrics and measuring security [35] A survey of approaches combining safety and security for industrial control systems [36] Analysis of safe and secure industrial control systems [37] Consistency and stability of risk indicators [38] Safety and security risk assessment in cyber-physical systems [39] An analysis of software quality attributes and trustworthiness [40] Privacy requirements in system design…”

Section: Table 2 List Of Surveyed Papersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• According to Amoroso et al, cyber-physical systems can earn users' trust if they enable confidence in meeting a specific set of needs or expectations. [33] Trust based security for CPS Approach for achieving trust, consists external and internal layer of trust with respect to security for CPS [34] Security IT security metrics, measuring security [35] Safety, Security A survey of safety and security methods of ICS [36] Safety, Security Analysis of dynamic software updating techniques, increasing the availability of IS [37] Safety, Risk Analysis…”

Section: Degree Three (Trust Cps)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trust Cyber Physical Systems: Trust Degree Framework and Evaluation

Oudina¹,

Derdour²,

Boudour³

et al. 2023

IJSSE

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Trust is the currency of every transaction and exchange and is the pillar of the trusted system concept, which is one of the needs of today and the future. Those systems ease communication and sharing with little user-side load and are used in numerous organizations, financial institutions, military scenarios, and highly confidential works. The evolution of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) affects people's way of life and is applied in health care, smart homes, commerce, etc. The cyber-physical system is treated as a trust system if the principles of security and safety, confidentiality, integrity, availability, and another set of properties are guaranteed. The development of CPS requires consistency in requirements management, metrics, formal test process descriptions, and computation methods. The research community is focused on how to realize a novel CPS with high confidence. In the literature, there is no clear definition of all kinds of trustworthiness metrics, and there is no classification of trustworthiness and trust metric types. There is no defined standard for trustworthiness, and there are no rules for calculating CPS trustworthiness. This paper proposes a framework for the evaluation of trust in CPS. This framework ranks the trustworthiness of CPS by degree. Trust degrees for the cyberphysical system are defined, along with a set of requirements and properties for each degree. We proposed a proprieties classification based on functionality and obligation as well as a simple mathematical formula to compute trust in the CPS, which formulates a quantitative view on the guarantee of security, trustworthiness, and trust attributes. The results of this study, which are based on the use of the proposed framework to evaluate the trust of CPS and case study, indicate that our quantitative method is more objective than existing qualitative methods.

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Section: Table 2 List Of Surveyed Papersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Degree Three (Trust Cps)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Trust Cyber Physical Systems: Trust Degree Framework and Evaluation

Oudina¹,

Derdour²,

Boudour³

et al. 2023

IJSSE

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“…This paper first establishes an evaluation indicator system from three aspects -road capacity, road safety and road vulnerability [16,17]. After multiple screenings, this paper decides to use five indicators, namely traffic density, traffic delay time, number of intersection conflicts, road congestion rate and road accessibility to reflect the surrounding road traffic conditions before and after the opening of a residential community.…”

Section: Road Traffic Evaluation Indicator Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Impacts of Open Residential Communities on Road Traffic Based on AHP and Fuzzy Theory

Yang¹

2020

ISI

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With the continuous urbanization in China, the number of private cars has grown rapidly in urban areas, leading to increasingly prominent road congestions. Urban road networks are wide but sparse, which can easily cause congestion. To tackle with this problem, the State Council proposed the idea of "open residential community" in 2016, which is to connect the roads within the residential community with external roads to densify the road networks and increase the area of branch roads, so as to mitigate urban road traffic pressure. In order to study the impacts of open residential communities on the traffic capacity of surrounding roads, this paper first establishes an evaluation indicator system for road traffic using a number of factors such as traffic density, traffic delay time, number of intersection conflicts, road congestion rate and road accessibility based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) theory, and also builds a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model. Then, with the above evaluation indicator system and model, this paper employs the VISSIM traffic simulation technology to simulate the residential community for testing. Finally, it uses the grey relational algorithm to compare and analyze the test data, and obtains the following conclusions: for residential communities with a large area and large traffic volume and those with a small area and large traffic volume, the surrounding road traffic is significantly reduced, and the traffic pressure is greatly alleviated; the effect comes second for those with a large area and small traffic volume; and for those with a small area and small traffic volume, surrounding traffic sees no improvement.

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“…risks to people, the environment or property) can be addressed according to the scope of the FSA. Risk analysis methods comprise multivariate statistical techniques [2], event tree models [3], fault tree models [4], risk contribution tree models [5], risk matrixes [6], failure mode and effect analyses [7], fishbone diagrams [8] and Bayesian networks [9]. The scope of the FSA, types of hazards identified in step 1, and the level of data available will all influence which method works best for each specific application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncertainty Analysis of the Estimated Risk in Formal Safety Assessment

Sun¹,

Zheng²,

Liu³

2018

Sustainability

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An uncertainty analysis is required to be carried out in formal safety assessment (FSA) by the International Maritime Organization. The purpose of this article is to introduce the uncertainty analysis technique into the FSA process. Based on the uncertainty identification of input parameters, probability and possibility distributions are used to model the aleatory and epistemic uncertainties, respectively. An approach which combines the Monte Carlo random sampling of probability distribution functions with the a-cuts for fuzzy calculus is proposed to propagate the uncertainties. One output of the FSA process is societal risk (SR), which can be evaluated in the two-dimensional frequency-fatality (FN) diagram. Thus, the confidence-level-based SR is presented to represent the uncertainty of SR in two dimensions. In addition, a method for time window selection is proposed to estimate the magnitude of uncertainties, which is an important aspect of modeling uncertainties. Finally, a case study is carried out on an FSA study on cruise ships. The results show that the uncertainty analysis of SR generates a two-dimensional area for a certain degree of confidence in the FN diagram rather than a single FN curve, which provides more information to authorities to produce effective risk control measures.

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Consistency and stability of risk indicators: The case of road infrastructures

Cited by 5 publications

References 11 publications

Trust Cyber Physical Systems: Trust Degree Framework and Evaluation

Trust Cyber Physical Systems: Trust Degree Framework and Evaluation

Analysis of the Impacts of Open Residential Communities on Road Traffic Based on AHP and Fuzzy Theory

Uncertainty Analysis of the Estimated Risk in Formal Safety Assessment

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