Consistent exposure to microplastics induces age-specific physiological and biochemical changes in a marine mysid

Biochemical and physiological responses of the water flea Moina macrocopa to microplastics: a multigenerational study

“…Although knowledge of the effects of waterborne plastic debris on hormonal regulation is limited in aquatic crustaceans, our results indicate that the exposure of early developmental stages of M. macrocopa to polystyrene microbeads induced potential physiological effects on intermolt period that finally led to significant growth retardation at the F2 generation. Inhibition of growth and molting process triggered by MPs or NPs has consistently been published in aquatic crustaceans including water fleas (Besseling et al 2014;Yu et al 2018;Liu et al 2019;Suman et al 2020;Lee et al 2021). Since M. macrocopa was constantly treated with polystyrene microbeads during the life span across three generations, additives or detrimental compounds would be leached from polystyrene microbeads and subsequently affect endocrine regulation of M. macrocopa, as endocrine disrupting chemicals are crucial substances found in a variety of plastics (Roy et al 2009).…”

“…Long-term treatment to 1 μg L −1 of 75 nmsized polystyrene microbeads through multiple generations resulted in inhibitory effects on antioxidant responses at the F2 generation (Liu et al 2020). Increased oxidative stress and strong modulations in the antioxidant defense system have also been found in several zooplanktons (Varó et al 2019;Eom et al 2020;Lee et al 2021). Therefore, the observed modulations of biochemical components with reduction of growth and reproduction parameters could be attributed to the detrimental effects of the polystyrene microbeads across generations.…”

Feeding Habits and the Occurrence of Anthropogenic Debris in the Stomach Content of Marine Fish from Pattani Bay, Gulf of Thailand

“…However, Santana et al [ 21 ] reported there was no evidence of plastic particle persistence in aquatic organism tissue, but consumption of fish with microplastics can lead to human health risk if toxic substances adhere to microplastics [ 22 ]. Meanwhile, consumption of microplastics can have negative effects on growth, reproduction, and survival evidence, although most of the effects are sublethal [ 23 , 24 ]. In addition, soft or thin plastic fragments on muddy beaches are found in higher amounts than other debris types that may have a harmful impact on marine organisms [ 25 ].…”

“…Microplastics are defined as any plastic particle smaller than 5 mm [ 27 ] and have been widely distributed in the ocean and sediments worldwide in recent years [ 28 ], including all water of pelagic and benthic marine organisms [ 16 , 17 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ]. Microplastics can be found in all living organisms, from tiny animals such as zooplankton [ 31 ], mysid larvae [ 24 ], and bivalves [ 33 , 34 ] to top predators [ 16 , 18 , 21 , 30 , 32 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ]. The first report of microplastics in plankton tows was reported by Carpenter et al [ 43 ] in North America, which later caused concern for massive water bodies [ 44 ].…”

“…When comparing the concentration of microplastics in the young and adult stages of mugilids, the early development stage of fish had a greater concentration than the older stage [ 37 ], and small-sized shellfish contained more particles than large-sized fish [ 34 ]. Therefore, there was a significant effect of prolonged exposure to microplastic harm related to age and size specific to organisms [ 24 ].…”