Consolidation of Fir Wood by Poly(vinyl butyral-co-vinyl alcohol-co-vinyl acetate) Treatment: Study of Surface and Mechanical Characteristics

Harandi, D; González‐Benito, J.; Olmos, D.

doi:10.3390/polym12051039

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…This was supported by the OM results, which showed a thicker layer of polymer on the surface of the wood treated by brushing. A possible explanation for the presence of the thicker layer of polymer on the wood surface could be related to the high solvent evaporation rate when the brushing method was used to coat the wood [53]. This may impede the penetration of the polymer into the wood microstructure, thus obtaining a thicker layer of polymer that, when applied to the wood surface, will protect the wooden material, providing a durable surface that helps to prevent damage and keeps it in good condition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wood Surface Modification with Hybrid Materials Based on Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

et al. 2022

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In this work, new treatments based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), MWCNTs decorated with zinc oxide (ZnO), MWCNTs decorated with hydroxyapatite (HAp) and MWCNTs decorated with silver (Ag) nanoparticles dispersed in PHBHV solution are proposed for improving sound oak wood properties. We hypothesize that the solutions containing decorated MWCNTs will be more efficient as wood consolidants, not only because of the improved mechanical properties of the treated wood but also because of the hydrophobic layer created on the wood surface. In order to test these hypotheses, the treatments’ potential was investigated by a number of complex methods, such as colorimetric parameter measurements, water absorption tests, mechanical tests, artificial aging and antifungal tests. The data confirm that the treated wood materials have moderate stability, and the color differences are not perceived with the naked eye. A significant improvement of the treated samples was observed by water absorption, humidity and mechanical tests compared to untreated wood. The best results were obtained for samples treated by brushing with solutions based on decorated CNTs, which confirms that a uniform and thicker layer is needed on the surface to ensure better protection. The wood behavior with accelerated aging revealed that the control sample degraded faster compared to the other treated samples. Antifungal tests showed that higher growth inhibition was obtained for samples treated with 0.2% MWCNTs_ZnO + PHBHV. Considering all of the obtained results, it can be concluded that the most effective treatment was MWCNTs_ZnO + PHBHV at a nanocomposite concentration of 0.2%, applied by brushing. Thus, wood protection against mold and fungi will be achieved, simultaneously ensuring improved mechanical strength and water barrier properties and therefore maintaining the structural integrity of sound oak wood over time.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wood Surface Modification with Hybrid Materials Based on Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

et al. 2022

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“…Another way to protect wood by surface impregnation is to simply insert protective agents slightly under its surface. Harandi et al brushed 5% and 10% solutions of poly(vinyl butyral-co-vinyl alcohol-co-vinyl acetate) (PVBVA) on silver fir to improve its mechanical properties [238]. They found that both solutions increased the water contact angle to 90%, reaching hydrophobicity, and improved the modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), plastic hardness and Martens hardness of the treated specimens.…”

Section: Wood Surface Impregnationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accordingly, these coating methods must allow for working in large batches in order to keep a good production rate. Brushing and dipping were also used to perform the surface impregnation of different protective agents into wood substrates, with similar limitations [238][239][240][241]244,246,247]. A quite different, yet interesting method was presented by Volokitin et al, who modified pine and birch with a thermal plasma to produce only a layer of thermo-modified wood [193].…”

Section: Economical Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in Chemical Wood Surface Improvements and Modifications: A Review of the Last Five Years

Blanchet

Pepin

2021

Coatings

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Increasing the use of wood in buildings is regarded by many as a key solution to tackle climate change. For this reason, a lot of research is carried out to develop new and innovative wood surface improvements and make wood more appealing through features such as increased durability, fire-retardancy, superhydrophobicity, and self-healing. However, in order to have a positive impact on the society, these surface improvements must be applied in real buildings. In this review, the last five years of research in the domain of wood surface improvements and modifications is first presented by sorting the latest innovations into different trends. Afterward, these trends are correlated to specifications representing different normative, ecologic and economic factors which must be considered when expecting to introduce a wood treatment to the market. With this review, the authors hope to help researchers to take into consideration the different factors influencing whether new innovations can leave the research laboratory or not, and thereby facilitate the introduction of new wood surface treatments in the society.

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“…However, in many situations, the use of original natural material is not economically profitable due to its low abundance in nature or the difficulties of extracting or processing it. Therefore, consolidants have been extensively used for the consolidation of degraded artefacts [ 5 ]. In the case of bones, different polymers have been used for their consolidation, for instance, poly(vinyl acetal), poly(vinyl butyral) and Paraloid B72 [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several techniques of consolidation, such as brushing and immersion in solutions, have been utilized for the restoration of historical artefacts in the past [ 5 , 27 , 28 ]. The advantage of immersion is that usually higher penetration depths are achieved; however, this treatment is in general only convenient for small specimens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airbrushed PSF/ZnO Composite Coatings as a Novel Approach for the Consolidation of Historical Bones

2023

Self Cite

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In this work, the preparation and characterization of films based on polysulfone (PSF) filled with zinc oxide, ZnO, nanoparticles (NPs) are conducted. The novelty of this research mainly relies on two points: (i) the use of a commercial airbrush to prepare or modify materials, and (ii) the design of new materials (nanocomposites) for the consolidation and restoration of historical bones. To accomplish these objectives, free-standing thin films and ancient bone coatings of PSF/ZnO nanocomposites with different particle contents (0%, 1%, 2%, 5% and 10%, % wt) are prepared using a commercial airbrush. Mechanical characterization is carried out to correlate properties between free-standing thin films and coatings, thus understanding the final performance of the coatings as consolidants for ancient bones. Thin films of PSF/ZnO show that the elastic modulus (E) increases with particle content. The mechanical behavior of the surfaces of the treated and untreated bones is studied locally using Martens hardness measurements. Maximum values of Martens hardness are obtained for the bone samples treated with polysulfone filled with 1% ZnO nanoparticles (HM = 850 N·mm−2) or 2% ZnO (HM = 625 N·mm−2) compared to those treated just with neat PSF (HM = 282 N·mm−2) or untreated bone (HM = 140 N·mm−2), indicating there is a correspondence between rigidity of free-standing films and hardness of the corresponding coatings. In terms of mechanical performance, it is demonstrated the existence of a balance between nanoparticle concentration and probability of nanoparticle aggregation, which allows better material design for ancient bones consolidation.

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Consolidation of Fir Wood by Poly(vinyl butyral-co-vinyl alcohol-co-vinyl acetate) Treatment: Study of Surface and Mechanical Characteristics

Cited by 9 publications

References 44 publications

Wood Surface Modification with Hybrid Materials Based on Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Wood Surface Modification with Hybrid Materials Based on Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Trends in Chemical Wood Surface Improvements and Modifications: A Review of the Last Five Years

Airbrushed PSF/ZnO Composite Coatings as a Novel Approach for the Consolidation of Historical Bones

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