Constituents of Essential Oil and Lipid Fraction from the Aerial Part of Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Willd. (Apiaceae) from Different Habitats

Abstract

The essential oils and lipid fraction extracted from the aerial parts of Bupleurum scorzonerifolium were determined by a GC-MS method. In total, up to 67 components were identified. cis-β-Ocimene, trans-β-ocimene, limonene, α-pinene, α-copaene, β-elemene, and caryophyllene oxide were recognized as consistent components of the essential oil extracted from the aerial parts of B. scorzonerifolium, regardless of the habitat. The content of these components varied from traces to a significant amount. The volume of the lipid fraction varied from 2.73 to 9.38%. In total, 23 components were identified, including 20 fatty acids, two sterols, and one ketone. The major fatty acid components identified were 16:0, 18:2n9, and 18:1n9. The total content of these fatty acids reached up to 76.19%. The lipid fraction of the aerial parts of B. scorzonerifolium predominantly contained MUFA and PUFA, which confirmed the pharmacological value of the species. The main factors affecting the composition of essential oils and lipid fractions of B. scorzonerifolium are environmental ones that determine the moisture supply to the plants in semiarid and arid areas.

Do Compositions of Lipid Fraction Correspond to Species Differentiation in Bupleurum L. (Apiaceae)?

“…It should be pointed out that the high content of ketone nonadecanone-10 was identified in both species. This compound was also previously identified in plants of other species: B. bicaule, B. sibiricum [ 15 ], and B. scorzonerifolium [ 16 ]. High content of unsaturated FAs, including oleic and linoleic acids, the amount of which was up to 59.12%, provides the pharmacological value of these species.…”

“…It is suggested that the final form of the plant, including lipid profile, in our view, is determined by the genotype and epigenetic factors [ 26 ]. So, FAs compositions of B. scorzonerifolium from different habitats and years of collection [ 16 ] did not have an impact on the group classification of perennial and annual plants, but it reflected the rather high intraspecific variability of the FAs composition, which is comparable with the level of variability at the interspecific level in other groups ( Figure 1 and Figure 3 ).…”

“…According to the data obtained and the literature review [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ], a pool of information on the FAs’ composition in plants of 21 Bupleurum species has been gathered (see Appendix A ). At the same time, FAs were studied from different parts of the plant: the aerial part, roots, fruits, leaves, seeds, and in different growth stages.…”

Dynamic Changes in the Composition of Biologically Active Compounds of Bupleurum Scorzonerifolium Willd. Aerial Part in Different Phenological Phases

“…Наибольшим разнообразием входящих в состав эфирных масел соединений отличается фаза цветения. [3], что также подтверждается и данными настоящего исследования. Стоит отметить, что из вышеупомянутых соединений только три -транс-β-оцимен, лимонен и β-элемен -встречаются во все фазы развития, то есть они являются константными для эфирных масел B. scorzonerifolium вне зависимости от места произрастания и фазы вегетации.…”

“…В Китае, Корее и Японии является официнальным растением и успешно используется в качестве противовоспалительного, жаропонижающего, желчегонного, тонизирующего, стимулирующего средства [1,2]. Есть сведения о составе эфирных масел и липидной фракций растений этого вида, произрастающих на территории Забайкалья, Монголии и Китая [3]. В литературе также имеется ряд работ: изучен состав флавоноидов нескольких видов володушек, в том числе B. scorzonerifolium флоры Бурятии [4], исследованы фенольные соединения, эфирные масла, элементный состав володушки козельцелистной, произрастающей в Прибайкалье [5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”