Constraints on dynamic stability during forward, backward and lateral locomotion in skilled football players

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate effects of speed and plane of motion on stability during locomotion in skilled football players. Ten male national-level football players participated in this study to run forward, backward and in lateral directions on a treadmill at 80%, 100% and 120% of their preferred running speeds. The coordinate data of passive reflective markers attached to body segments were recorded using motion capture systems. Time series data obtained from the ankle marker were used for further analyses. The largest finite-time Lyapunov exponent and maximum Floquet multiplier were adopted to quantify local and orbital dynamic stabilities, respectively. Results showed that speed did not significantly change local and orbital dynamic stabilities in any of running patterns. However, both local and orbital dynamic stability were significantly higher in the secondary plane of progression. Data revealed that in running, unlike walking, stability in the direction perpendicular to the direction of running is significantly higher, implying that less active control is required in the secondary plane of progression. The results of this study could be useful in sports training and rehabilitation programmes where development of fundamental exercise programmes that challenge both speed and the ability to maintain stability might produce a tangible enhancement of athletic skill level.

Symmetry comparison between sacrum and center of mass during walking

“…30 This is in contrast to other forms of gait such as running where it has been proposed that stability is higher in the direction perpendicular to the direction of running. 32 This is different from the results obtained for displacement symmetry implying that the second differentiation of displacement signal fundamentally alters the ratio of intrinsic harmonics to all harmonics for both sacrum and CoM.…”

“…30 This is in contrast to other forms of gait such as running where it has been proposed that stability is higher in the direction perpendicular to the direction of running. 32…”

Analysis of running stability during 5000 m running*

“…As the biomechanics of walking and running show differences, but also lots of similarities (Novacheck, 1998), we assumed that the assessment of LDS in runners can lead to a better understanding of the running technique and its underlying motor control characteristics. However, just a few studies examined LDS in runners (Ekizos, Santuz, & Arampatzis, 2017; Jordan, Challis, Cusumano, & Newell, 2009; Look et al., 2013; Mehdizadeh, Arshi, & Davids, 2014, 2016; Santuz, Ekizos, Eckardt, Kibele, & Arampatzis, 2018). Previous studies focused on the effect of speed (Look et al., 2013; Mehdizadeh et al., 2014), movement direction (Mehdizadeh, Arshi, & Davids, 2016), barefoot running (Ekizos et al., 2017), and an uneven surface (Santuz et al., 2018) on LDS or compared between walking and running (Jordan et al., 2009).…”

“…However, just a few studies examined LDS in runners (Ekizos, Santuz, & Arampatzis, 2017; Jordan, Challis, Cusumano, & Newell, 2009; Look et al., 2013; Mehdizadeh, Arshi, & Davids, 2014, 2016; Santuz, Ekizos, Eckardt, Kibele, & Arampatzis, 2018). Previous studies focused on the effect of speed (Look et al., 2013; Mehdizadeh et al., 2014), movement direction (Mehdizadeh, Arshi, & Davids, 2016), barefoot running (Ekizos et al., 2017), and an uneven surface (Santuz et al., 2018) on LDS or compared between walking and running (Jordan et al., 2009). Nevertheless, until now, LDS was not addressed in a practical setting outside the lab to analyse the running technique of recreational or competitive runners, which may be more valuable for coaches.…”

Efectos del entrenamiento propioceptivo sobre el sistema de control postural en jugadores de fútbol adolescentes: estudio realizado mediante Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA)

“…Un gran número de estudios han centrado su atención en el estudio del sistema propioceptivo (Decicco & Fisher, 2005;Hides et al, 2012;Marek et al, 2005). Algunos de ellos han sido orientados hacia el estudio de los efectos de ejercicios en la práctica de un deporte (Parrington et al, 2015;Mehdizadeh et al, 2016). El sistema propioceptivo también es un frecuente tópico en investigaciones relacionadas con el fútbol (Ben Moussa et al, 2008;Molacek et al, 2010).…”