Construct Validation of Distance Run Tests

Disch, James G.; Frankiewicz, Ronald G.; Jackson, Andrew S.

doi:10.1080/10671315.1975.10615320

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Because of these and other concerns, the battery was subsequently altered. For example, the pull-Up for girls was replaced with the flexed-arm hang; the softball throw, which apparently has a substantial skill component, was eliminated; the 600-yard eventwas replaced with a longer I-mile or 9-min run (Disch, Jackson, & Frankiewicz, 1975); the sit-up testwas modified; and skinfold measurements to assess body composition and the sit-and-reach test to assess flexibility were added (American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance [AAHPERD], 1980).…”

Section: Physical Fitness: a Multidimensional Constructmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Multidimensional Structure of Physical Fitness: Invariance over Gender and Age

Marsh

1993

Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport

109

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This investigation extends the factor analytic approach pioneered by Fleishman (1964) by incorporating subsequent developments in the application of confirmatory factor analysis and the physical fitness literature. Specifically, it tests the ability of an a priori factor structure of physical fitness to fit (i.e., account for) data based on 25 indicators of fitness (field exercises, technical measures, and laboratory measures) for 2,817 boys and girls aged 9, 12, and 15. An eight-factor (Cardiovascular Endurance, Explosive/Dynamic Strength, Static Strength, Flexibility/Joint Mobility, Blood Pressure, Lung Function, Body Girth, and Skinfold) model derived from previous research fit the data well for each of the six age/gender groups, considered separately. Based on tests of factorial invariance, factor loadings and factor correlations were reasonably invariant across the six groups. This important finding indicates that all 25 indicators are equally valid for boys and girls aged 9, 12, and 15 and that the multidimensional structure of physical fitness generalizes over gender and age.

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Section: Physical Fitness: a Multidimensional Constructmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Multidimensional Structure of Physical Fitness: Invariance over Gender and Age

Marsh

1993

Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport

109

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“…As noted by Clarke (1976) and by Disch et al (1975), and 6-min run can be used as a measure of cardiovascular endurance. Thus a sound procedure might be to administer a 6-min run test to a group of subjects to determine the distance completed so that this distance could be utilized in the future.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Further, the subjects in this study usually completed the required distance in under 6 minutes. Disch et al (1975) reported that the 6-min run appears to be more a cardiovascular test than a speed test. This suggests that distance runs of less than 6 minutes are more a measure of speed than of cardiovascular endurance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reliability of Field Based Cardiovascular Fitness Running Tests for Individuals with Mental Retardation

Baumgartner

Horvat

1991

Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly

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The primary purpose of this investigation was to determine the reliability of cardiovascular running tests for individuals with mild and moderate mental retardation. A secondary purpose was to determine whether cardiovascular running tests had some degree of validity in that running times for these tests tended to be in excess of 6 minutes. Data for eight groups were analyzed. Times for the distance runs ranged from 51 to 914 seconds while reliability ranged from .25 to .94, depending on the group. Based on the findings for the groups and distances used in this study, the following conclusions seem justified: (a) Distance run tests of 300 to 880 yds may be reasonably reliable for rank ordering subjects in terms of scores on these tests; (b) distance run tests of 300 or 600 yds are not valid measures of cardiovascular endurance for individuals with mental retardation; and (c) a distance run test of 880 yds may be valid as a measure of cardiovascular endurance.

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“…In shorter runs, the measurement of anaerobic performance becomes an important factor. Longer runs, such as those mentioned above, are better measures of endurance (19).…”

Section: Comparisons Of the Habitual Activity Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparisons of the habitual acitvity level of selected women to performance on the Bruce multistage treadmill test and the Cooper 12 minute run test

Owen

2000

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(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,lO). The effects of training on various fitness parameters including strength, flexibility, body composition and cardiovascular endurance have been investigated. Measurement of these fitness parameters by the physical educator is necessary to discover the functionally unfit and to classify the functionally fit in positions of various levels of efficiency (11, p. 301).The popularization of long distance running, swimming, and other endurance-type sports in the last decade has brought to the forefront the need for developing and measuring cardiovascular endurance.Cardiovascular endurance can be defined as 11 the capacity of the individual to maintain strenuous activity of a number of muscle groups of the whole body for a prolonged period. (A period sufficient to demand a resistance to fatigue) 11(12, p. 374).Measurement of cardiovascular endurance, however, has been a difficult task in that it is difficult to separate it from other fitness parameters; power, strength, speed, and flexibility (13, p. 106).Oxygen uptake or vo 2 is generally considered to be the best single criterion of cardiovascular endurance (4,12,14,15), but the direct laboratory measurements needed to acquire this data are too compli-2 cated and expensive for use by most physical educators. Many studies, therefore, have investigated the relationship between other more easily administered tests and the direct measurement of vo 2 in the laboratory (1 ,3,8,9,16,17,18,19,20,21 • Oxygen uptake capacity or vo 2 is generally considered to be the best single physiological criterion of cardiovascular endurance. In a study by Stewart, Williams, and Gutin (14), 33 college women were tested• for actual V02max on the treadmill and on a 2 Km. run. The study compared the relationship between cardiorespiratory endurance and various anthropometric measures and discovered that a significant 70% • of the variance in test performance was accountable to vo 2 max.In another study with more active college women subjects, Higgs• (4) found a significant correlation (r = .64) between vo 2 max and physical work done on a treadmill performance test. In factoring out motivation, however, Ryan (29) did report a study in which the use of four different extrinsic motivational conditions (electric shock, knowledge of results, exhorta-

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Construct Validation of Distance Run Tests

Cited by 13 publications

References 4 publications

The Multidimensional Structure of Physical Fitness: Invariance over Gender and Age

The Multidimensional Structure of Physical Fitness: Invariance over Gender and Age

Reliability of Field Based Cardiovascular Fitness Running Tests for Individuals with Mental Retardation

Comparisons of the habitual acitvity level of selected women to performance on the Bruce multistage treadmill test and the Cooper 12 minute run test

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