The construction of assays is capable
of accurately detecting cytokeratin-19
(CYFRA 21–1), which is critical for the rapid diagnosis of
nonsmall cell lung cancer. In this work, a novel electrochemiluminescence
(ECL) immunosensor based on the co-reaction promotion of luminol@Au@Ni–Co
nanocages (NCs) as ECL probe by Ti3C2T
x
MXene@TiO2–MoS2 hybrids
as co-reaction accelerator was proposed to detect CYFRA 21–1.
Ni–Co NCs, as a derivative of Prussian blue analogs, can be
loaded with large quantities of Au NPs, luminol, and CYFRA 21–1
secondary antibodies due to their high specific surface area. To further
improve the sensitivity of the developed ECL immunosensor, Ti3C2T
x
MXene@TiO2–MoS2 hybrids were prepared by in situ growth
of TiO2 nanosheets on highly conductive Ti3C2T
x
MXene, and MoS2 was
homogeneously grown on Ti3C2T
x
MXene@TiO2 surfaces by the hydrothermal method.
Ti3C2T
x
MXene@TiO2–MoS2 hybrids possess excellent catalytic
performance on the electro-redox of H2O2 generating
more O2
·– and obtaining optimal
ECL intensity of the luminol/H2O2 system. Under
the appropriate experimental conditions, the quantitative detection
range of CYFRA 21–1 was from 0.1 pg mL–1 to
100 ng mL–1, and the limit of detection (LOD) was
0.046 pg mL–1. The present sensor has a lower LOD
with a wider linear range, which provides a new analytical assay for
the early diagnosis of small-cell-type lung cancer labels.