Constructing the EU’s high-tech borders: FRONTEX and dual-use drones for border management

Csernatoni, Raluca

doi:10.1080/09662839.2018.1481396

Cited by 45 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The securitisation of migration not only conceives of people on the move as a source of 'risk' for European labour markets, national or cultural identities, crime in society, welfare resources, state sovereignty, or national security which must be contained, managed, or kept at a distance, but entails the proliferation and deployment of a vast array of technologies; policies; risk assessments; and specialised agencies, industries, and roles to mitigate these presumed threats. These include the collection and retention of biometric data (Scheel, 2013(Scheel, , 2019Sparke, 2006); detention and deportation; border externalisation (Casas-Cortes, Cobarrubias, and Pickles, 2015;Zaiotti and Martin, 2016); surveillance technologies on land and at sea to detect illicit border crossing (Csernatoni, 2018); detection equipment like x-ray scanners, CO 2 measuring devices, and heart-beat sensors; and the construction of more traditional border fortifications like walls and fences. Calais, unto which the UK's border has been 'exported' (Vaughan-Williams, 2009, is a prioritised space for securitisation, and often a proving ground for novel security strategies and technologies, a number of which have been detailed by Bescherer (2017).…”

Section: Entanglements Of Border and Environmental Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Counter-mapping citizenship: bordering through domicide in Calais, France

Isacker¹

2020

Preprint

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This thesis analyses how anti-migrant domicide functions as a technology of citizenship in Calais, France. Evictions, destructions, and securitisations exclude 'non-citizen' migrants from this border city, defining those allowed to exist within it as citizens by contrast. They also destroy the physical infrastructures, social communities, and political solidarities facilitating migrants' irregular journeys to the UK. Thus, the erasure of irregular migrants' autonomous home-spaces reproduces citizenship while reasserting it as the determinant of who can freely exist in, or move beyond, Calais. However, anti-migrant domicide also produces unconventional citizenships beyond nationality or status. The thesis analyses two examples---environmental and humanitarian citizenship---to show how citizen communities in Calais can reconfigure themselves around alternative, nominally more inclusive, sets of values while continuing to exclude irregular migrants. In these cases citizens define themselves either against migrants who are perceived as failing to fulfil citizenship's substantive criteria, or through migrants who are the object of citizen-defining humanitarian or environmentalist performances. While not immediately excluded by their status, migrants 'non-citizens' because of their racialisation in Calais' racist environment and how this has been compounded by the effects of domicide against them.Counter-mapping in this project takes three different forms: cartographic, presenting a map of domicide between 2009-19; narrative, elaborating descriptions of select case studies in Calais' anti-migrant domicidal history; and conceptual, demonstrating how citizenship is produced by these exclusionary spatial interventions. These three modes are combined to map how migrants' spatial exclusion from Calais' 'spaces of citizenship' and their socio-political exclusion reciprocally reinforce one-another.While countering progressive conceptions of citizenship by showing how all citizenship forms analysed in Calais are constituted through migrants' exclusion, the thesis raises questions for the continued invocation of citizenship politics in scholarly analyses of resistance to the border regime. It also argues for the need to (re)create spaces of anti-citizenship as part of struggles for free movement for all. These spaces prefigure coalitional relations beyond citizenship categories, and provide toe-holds from which to resist their institutionalisation in bordering technologies.

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Section: Entanglements Of Border and Environmental Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Counter-mapping citizenship: bordering through domicide in Calais, France

Isacker¹

2020

Preprint

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“…Vulnerabilities such as challenges of representation in, or recognition through, technological design and practice are hidden behind regimes of complexity. This tendency is ubiquitous in modern practices of algorithmic warfare (Wilcox, 2017), biometric and border technologies (Csernatoni, 2018; Kloppenburg and van der Ploeg, 2020) as well as in the medical and life sciences (Mehta et al, 2019).…”

Section: The Performative Power Of Technological Vision(s)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some see concerning resemblances with the arms races and the weaponisation of science and technology that took place during the cold war (Fink, 2020; Lodgaard, 2019). One clear parallel is that the alignment of strategic and security interests with the promises of high-tech and civil–military projects (Csernatoni, 2018) reduces transparency about the intentions of national investment into these ‘disruptive’ technologies (Edwards, 2019).…”

Section: The Performative Power Of Technological Vision(s)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The war for the future

Forsythe

Rößing

2020

New Perspectives

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The following essay was born out of the authors’ participation in the Hamburg (Insecurity) Sessions 2019: Un-Cancelling the Future, and the discussions that took place in the workshop on Future Weapons and Emerging Technologies. The workshop participants critically addressed such problems as the future of defence technologies and their sociotechnical environments, cybersecurity and surveillance proliferation and the improvised instruments of insurgency. Our task was to weave the ideas and insights of the workshop’s participants into a vision of the world in 2040 and use it to motivate an analysis of the technoscientific imaginaries emerging in the present. From the workshop presentations and discussions, we identified three key areas of that allowed us to imagine the outlines and interactions of global security and technoscientific practice in 2040: ecopolitics: the exploitation of ecological systems for strategic ends; technonationalism: the use of advanced technologies to pursue racialised and nationalistic geopolitical agendas; and the security continuum: the extension of conflict modes to all aspects of social life and the open-source proliferation of security tools and techniques.

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“…As currently understood in the EU, integrated border management (IBM) is a system that goes well beyond mere border checks and monitoring of the crossing of external borders. It includes activities such as prevention of cross-border crime, referral of persons in need of international protection, search ISSN and rescue operations for persons in distress at sea, risk analysis for security, cooperation with third countries and the return of third-country nationals who are subject of return decisions 1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

Garijo

2020

VSVT

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Drones are increasingly used in border management by EU Member States and Frontex. Drones are considered high-performance tools in border surveillance, due to their enhanced capabilities in the area of detection, observation, data collection and information sharing. They are also instrumental in implementing current policies of contention of migration that rely on cooperation with third countries and, at times, on pull-back operations. The use of drones in such operations raises legal problems relating to the observation of the principle of non-refoulement, which binds both Member States and Frontex. These problems are explored in the light of the applicable rules of international refugee law and human rights law, EU law, and the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights.

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Constructing the EU’s high-tech borders: FRONTEX and dual-use drones for border management

Cited by 45 publications

References 36 publications

Counter-mapping citizenship: bordering through domicide in Calais, France

Counter-mapping citizenship: bordering through domicide in Calais, France

The war for the future

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