Construction of 3D Volumetric Objects for a 3D Cadastral System

Abstract

This article presents a new method to illustrate the feasibility of 3D topology creation. We base the 3D construction process on testing real cases of implementation of 3D parcels construction in a 3D cadastral system. With the utilization and development of dense urban space, true 3D geometric volume primitives are needed to represent 3D parcels with the adjacency and incidence relationship. We present an effective straightforward approach to identifying and constructing the valid volumetric cadastral object from the given faces, and build the topological relationships among 3D cadastral objects on-thefly, based on input consisting of loose boundary 3D faces made by surveyors. This is drastically different from most existing methods, which focus on the validation of single volumetric objects after the assumption of the object's creation. Existing methods do not support the needed types of geometry/ topology (e.g. non 2-manifold, singularities) and how to create and maintain valid 3D parcels is still a challenge in practice. We will show that the method does not change the faces themselves and faces in a given input are independently specified. Various volumetric objects, including non-manifold 3D cadastral objects (legal spaces), can be constructed correctly by this method, as will be shown from the results.

Spatial Data Structure and Functionalities for 3D Land Management System Implementation: Israel Case Study

“…The method is extended to objects with no cubic corners as well. A similar approach is suggested by Ying et al [12], which can "efficiently recognize and construct solids and represent the topological relationships of valid volumetric solids in 3D space in a straightforward way, whether there is an isolated solid, or a multi-solid/solid set". Kazar et al [7] presented different types and rules for storage, validation, and querying of 3D models, arguing that the GM_Solid representation consists of an unsophisticated qualitative model-in comparison to more topological models-for describing 3D geometry.…”

3D Space Shift from CityGML LoD3-Based Multiple Building Elements to a 3D Volumetric Object

“…In contrast to approximating the volume of 3D buildings using voxels [22], we propose a five-step algorithm that shifts multiple building elements to a 3D volumetric space for 3D volumetric building construction along with a geometric simplification of 3D building models. In combination with the features of the CityGML LoD3 building model, the five-step processes are carried out as follows ( Figure 2): (1) filtering and deriving semantic building elements from CityGML LoD3, (2) extracting the outer shell of all the 3D faces of the boundary building elements in CityGML LoD3 models, including walls and roofs, (3) repairing the geometric faces of doors and windows attached to the wall and the ground surface, and (4) extending the faces of walls so they connect and snapping them with the roof elements to envelop and build 3D volumetric geometry to represent a 3D building space [4]. In these steps, many geometric processes such as intersecting and deleting the dangling faces are used to refine the faces that will envelop the 3D building space.…”

“…For buildings, such properties include 3D space, the buildingʹs volumetric quantity, and the locations of the buildingʹs 3D boundaries. In 3D urban planning and management fields, 3D cadastres [2][3][4][5] require the entire 3D closed volumetric space of a building to identify the precise space based on boundary points, lines, and faces, with a particular focus on the outer boundaries of the buildings. This volume is an important index used to determine the space occupied by a property to assist with 3D space management and property tax assessments.…”

3D Cadastral Data Model Based on Conformal Geometry Algebra

“…Because land ownership boundaries and rights should be accurately defined in a cadastral registration, a large percentage of cadastral data models represent the structures of 3D spatial units by describing topological relations among composed elements [7][8][9]. The majority of existing data representation models of traditional 3D cadastres are topological-based [7].…”

“…The majority of existing data representation models of traditional 3D cadastres are topological-based [7]. Several topological-based 3D cadastral data models, which are based on Euclidean Geometry (EG), have been developed for 3D cadastral management [7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Because EG space lacks a unified form in dimensional expansion, the extension from a classical 2D cadastre to a 3D cadastre that is based on EG is not direct or simple.…”