Consulta ginecológica sob a ótica de estudantes do ensino médio do Rio de Janeiro, RJ

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:To analyze sociocultural differences and perceptions of gynecological consultations for high school girls. METHODS:A transversal study with 418 high school girls from three schools of different profi les in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Southeastern Brazil, in 2010. A structured questionnaire encompassing socio-demographic characteristics, sexual behavior and evaluation of gynecological consultations was completed. Yates' Chi-square test and the Student's t-test were utilized adopting a value of p < 0.05. RESULTS:The students of private and federal public schools presented similar profi les but both were different from the state school girls. The latter had lower socioeconomic status, and their parents had lower levels of education, the predominance of afro-descendants was observed, as were a larger number of sexual partners, pregnancy and cases of sexual violence. The average age of menarche and sexarche among the students were similar, but the fi rst gynecological consultation was signifi cantly later among the state school students. The majority showed some knowledge of contraception and STDs, although only a minority received guidance from the consultations. Students expressed the desire that the professionals dedicate more time, patience and availability to them during consultations. CONCLUSIONS:The provision of gynecological services for teenagers is not satisfactory, according to the teenagers' evaluations. Users of the private health system have gynecological consultations earlier than those who only have access to the public system. It is necessary to create mechanisms that facilitate access and adhesion to a routine of gynecological prevention for this age group.

[No Title Available]

“…HIV notification is only obligatory for pregnant women and newborns (Brasil, 2010a). Conversely, availability for public sexual and reproductive health services for adolescents is low, as shown in some studies (Taquette, 2009;Pereira and Taquette, 2013). Furthermore, exams to diagnose STDs, principally for chlamydia, are not routine in the majority of services.…”

The representations of adolescents about gynecological consultation

“…It is a space aimed to propose gynecological assistance to adolescents through prevention actions and health maintenance (11) . Professionals need to invest in the interpersonal relationship contemplating the ethic precepts, the social norms and the adolescent's specificities (11) .…”

“…Professionals need to invest in the interpersonal relationship contemplating the ethic precepts, the social norms and the adolescent's specificities (11) . In the gynecological consultation, it is possible to develop an educational process that surpasses the information transmission about the biological aspects, that include the adolescent's self-esteem promotion, that help them to see themselves as protagonists of their lives and, therefore, responsible for their actions and conscientious of risks which they are exposed to (12) .…”

“…However, little are those who take advantage of this moment in the health service because there are obstacles; as the difficulty to schedule an appointment, the impossibility to choose a professional, attendance that do not contemplate their specificities, fear of secret disclosure added to misinformation (11) . It is known that adolescents tend not to share their reproductive decisions with those responsible for them (11) and the consultation is a resource to clarify doubts with professionals.…”

“…It is known that adolescents tend not to share their reproductive decisions with those responsible for them (11) and the consultation is a resource to clarify doubts with professionals.…”